Effective Contracts (1) in Education (Data from the Center for Statistics and Monitoring of Education)

Based on the data obtained by the Center for Institutional Studies, National Research University - Higher School of Economics, and by the Center for Statistics and Monitoring of Education, Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, National Research University - Higher School of Economics.Lyudmila Ugolnova , Deputy Head of Data Management Department at the Center for Institutional Studies, National Research University - Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation. Email: lugolnova@hse.ru Nikolay Shugal, Deputy Director of the Center for Statistics and Monitoring of Education, Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, National Research University - Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation. Email: nschugal@hse.ru Statistical analysis data and results of surveys conducted among educators and education executives are used to examine effectiveness of the existing job contracts in education. Information is given on the level and dynamics of educator salaries in educational institutions of various types as compared to the average inter-industry wage.The paper studies labor strategies and expectations of educators at different levels of the educational system. The study identifies the most widespread educator part-time jobs and the gap between the real income and the income required for educators to focus on their primary activity. Through analyzing educators' evaluation of their salaries in comparison to those of their counterparts, it has been shown that transferring to another educational institution will not increase educators' incomes. As educators evaluate their salaries in comparison to those in other industries, it becomes clear that the existing job contracts in education do not make educators competitive in the labor market. However, very few educators are willing to make a career change.The study describes how executives of professional educational institutions assess professional level of teachers, reveals recruiting and incentive payment criteria, and determines amounts of incentive payments and of the most common benefits.The existing educator salaries are stated to be insufficient for education executives to expect absolute commitment and efficiency from educators and for students to expect high quality of education services.___________________________________________________[1] Translator's note (TN):In Russian labor law, an effective contract is a job contract based on efficiency and performance of an employee rather than on hours worked.