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Additive manufacturing of 3D nano-architected metals

Author

Listed:
  • Andrey Vyatskikh

    (California Institute of Technology)

  • Stéphane Delalande

    (PSA Group, Centre Technique de Vélizy 2)

  • Akira Kudo

    (California Institute of Technology)

  • Xuan Zhang

    (Tsinghua University)

  • Carlos M. Portela

    (California Institute of Technology)

  • Julia R. Greer

    (California Institute of Technology)

Abstract

Most existing methods for additive manufacturing (AM) of metals are inherently limited to ~20–50 μm resolution, which makes them untenable for generating complex 3D-printed metallic structures with smaller features. We developed a lithography-based process to create complex 3D nano-architected metals with ~100 nm resolution. We first synthesize hybrid organic–inorganic materials that contain Ni clusters to produce a metal-rich photoresist, then use two-photon lithography to sculpt 3D polymer scaffolds, and pyrolyze them to volatilize the organics, which produces a >90 wt% Ni-containing architecture. We demonstrate nanolattices with octet geometries, 2 μm unit cells and 300–400-nm diameter beams made of 20-nm grained nanocrystalline, nanoporous Ni. Nanomechanical experiments reveal their specific strength to be 2.1–7.2 MPa g−1 cm3, which is comparable to lattice architectures fabricated using existing metal AM processes. This work demonstrates an efficient pathway to 3D-print micro-architected and nano-architected metals with sub-micron resolution.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrey Vyatskikh & Stéphane Delalande & Akira Kudo & Xuan Zhang & Carlos M. Portela & Julia R. Greer, 2018. "Additive manufacturing of 3D nano-architected metals," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-03071-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03071-9
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    Cited by:

    1. Ashkenazi, Dana, 2019. "How aluminum changed the world: A metallurgical revolution through technological and cultural perspectives," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 101-113.
    2. Tomohiro Mori & Hao Wang & Wang Zhang & Chern Chia Ser & Deepshikha Arora & Cheng-Feng Pan & Hao Li & Jiabin Niu & M. A. Rahman & Takeshi Mori & Hideyuki Koishi & Joel K. W. Yang, 2023. "Pick and place process for uniform shrinking of 3D printed micro- and nano-architected materials," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Bingyan Liu & Shirong Liu & Vasanthan Devaraj & Yuxiang Yin & Yueqi Zhang & Jingui Ai & Yaochen Han & Jicheng Feng, 2023. "Metal 3D nanoprinting with coupled fields," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Kai Xiao & Zihe Liang & Bihui Zou & Xiang Zhou & Jaehyung Ju, 2022. "Inverse design of 3D reconfigurable curvilinear modular origami structures using geometric and topological reconstructions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.

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