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Measurement of the cleavage energy of graphite

Author

Listed:
  • Wen Wang

    (Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Applied Mechanics Lab, Tsinghua University)

  • Shuyang Dai

    (University of Pennsylvania)

  • Xide Li

    (Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Applied Mechanics Lab, Tsinghua University)

  • Jiarui Yang

    (Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Applied Mechanics Lab, Tsinghua University)

  • David J. Srolovitz

    (University of Pennsylvania
    University of Pennsylvania)

  • Quanshui Zheng

    (Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Applied Mechanics Lab, Tsinghua University
    XIN Center, Tsinghua University
    State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University)

Abstract

The basal plane cleavage energy (CE) of graphite is a key material parameter for understanding many of the unusual properties of graphite, graphene and carbon nanotubes. Nonetheless, a wide range of values for the CE has been reported and no consensus has yet emerged. Here we report the first direct, accurate experimental measurement of the CE of graphite using a novel method based on the self-retraction phenomenon in graphite. The measured value, 0.37±0.01 J m−2 for the incommensurate state of bicrystal graphite, is nearly invariant with respect to temperature (22 °C≤T≤198 °C) and bicrystal twist angle, and insensitive to impurities from the atmosphere. The CE for the ideal ABAB graphite stacking, 0.39±0.02 J m−2, is calculated based on a combination of the measured CE and a theoretical calculation. These experimental measurements are also ideal for use in evaluating the efficacy of competing theoretical approaches.

Suggested Citation

  • Wen Wang & Shuyang Dai & Xide Li & Jiarui Yang & David J. Srolovitz & Quanshui Zheng, 2015. "Measurement of the cleavage energy of graphite," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-7, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms8853
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8853
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    1. Herz, Benedikt & Mejer, Malwina, 2021. "The effect of design protection on price and price dispersion: Evidence from automotive spare parts," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    2. Josef Schätz & Navin Nayi & Jonas Weber & Christoph Metzke & Sebastian Lukas & Jürgen Walter & Tim Schaffus & Fabian Streb & Eros Reato & Agata Piacentini & Annika Grundmann & Holger Kalisch & Michael, 2024. "Button shear testing for adhesion measurements of 2D materials," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    3. Boqing Liu & Tanju Yildirim & Tieyu Lü & Elena Blundo & Li Wang & Lixue Jiang & Hongshuai Zou & Lijun Zhang & Huijun Zhao & Zongyou Yin & Fangbao Tian & Antonio Polimeni & Yuerui Lu, 2023. "Variant Plateau’s law in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenide dome networks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.

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