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Reference genome and population genomic analyses reveal insight into herbicide tolerance in Avena fatua L

Author

Listed:
  • Jianan Liu

    (Hebei University)

  • Ningkun Liu

    (Hebei University
    Hebei University
    Hebei University)

  • Wei Yan

    (Hebei University)

  • Xiaoying Hu

    (Hebei University
    Hebei University
    Hebei University)

  • Meijia Wang

    (Hebei University)

  • Ruidong Qin

    (Fudan University)

  • Lin Ma

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Wei Li

    (Hebei University
    Hebei University
    Hebei University)

  • Yu Wang

    (Hebei University)

  • Qingbin Sun

    (Hebei University
    Hebei University
    Hebei University)

  • Longsheng Xing

    (Hebei University)

  • Yange Yun

    (Hebei University)

  • Yingying Li

    (Hebei University)

  • Jinjiang Yan

    (Hebei University)

  • Xuemin Wang

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Zhizhong Gong

    (Hebei University
    China Agricultural University)

  • Hongru Wang

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Huilong Du

    (Hebei University
    Hebei University)

Abstract

Avena fatua (weedy oat) is a globally pervasive weed, notorious for its adaptability to extreme environments and herbicide tolerance. Here, we present the 10.98-Gb hexaploid genome of A. fatua and a variation map from 768 wild and cultivated oats (A. fatua, A. sterilis and A. sativa), elucidating their genetic relationship and evolutionary history. Population genomic analyses reveal genetic connections between A. fatua and cultivated naked oats, and identify divergent regions between A. fatua and A. sativa enriched in genes associated with biotic and abiotic stresses. Among them, a herbicide-resistance locus is identified on chromosome 4D, with A. fatua accessions carrying a highly differentiated haplotype from cultivated oats. Multi-omics profiling and functional validation demonstrate that one expanded GST gene in this locus contributes significantly to oat herbicide resistance. Our study provides genomic resources for understanding A. fatua’s broad adaptability to diverse environmental conditions, facilitating the development of climate-resilient oat varieties.

Suggested Citation

  • Jianan Liu & Ningkun Liu & Wei Yan & Xiaoying Hu & Meijia Wang & Ruidong Qin & Lin Ma & Wei Li & Yu Wang & Qingbin Sun & Longsheng Xing & Yange Yun & Yingying Li & Jinjiang Yan & Xuemin Wang & Zhizhon, 2025. "Reference genome and population genomic analyses reveal insight into herbicide tolerance in Avena fatua L," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-64825-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-64825-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nadia Kamal & Nikos Tsardakas Renhuldt & Johan Bentzer & Heidrun Gundlach & Georg Haberer & Angéla Juhász & Thomas Lux & Utpal Bose & Jason A. Tye-Din & Daniel Lang & Nico Gessel & Ralf Reski & Yong-B, 2022. "The mosaic oat genome gives insights into a uniquely healthy cereal crop," Nature, Nature, vol. 606(7912), pages 113-119, June.
    2. K. Adamczewski & R. Kierzek & K. Matysiak, 2013. "Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) biotypes resistant to acetolactate synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors in Poland," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 59(9), pages 432-437.
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