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Multilayered gradient Ti2AlC0.5N0.5 prepared by crystal/amorphous C diffusion for efficient electromagnetic absorption and thermal shielding

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  • Cheng Xie

    (Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology)

  • Lei Xu

    (Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology)

  • Zhigang Shen

    (SINOPEC Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology CO. LTD)

  • Junyu Lu

    (Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology)

  • Yongfen Sun

    (Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology)

  • Zhaohui Han

    (Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology)

  • Yuchen Feng

    (Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology)

  • Yanzhi Liu

    (Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology
    Kunming University of Science and Technology)

Abstract

The unique advantages of surface/interface engineering are pivotal in advancing the design and development of high-performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials. We present a universal microwave molten salt carbon (C) diffusion control strategy based on surface/interface engineering. This method leverages microwaves to promote the amorphous transformation and rapid diffusion of C on the carbon fiber surface, allowing for the rapid and controlled formation of three-dimensional multilayered gradient core-shell structures, primarily consisting of Ti2AlC0.5N0.5 MAX. This unique structure with cavities contributes to the incident and multiple EMW losses. TACN-1 exhibited an efficient reflection loss of −83.4 dB at a thickness of just 1.9 mm and effectively isolates internal radiant heat, making it a promising material for stealth applications. This study not only advances the application of diffusion-controlled surface/interface engineering but also introduces a universal approach for modulating multilayered gradient structures in MAX phase ceramics.

Suggested Citation

  • Cheng Xie & Lei Xu & Zhigang Shen & Junyu Lu & Yongfen Sun & Zhaohui Han & Yuchen Feng & Yanzhi Liu, 2025. "Multilayered gradient Ti2AlC0.5N0.5 prepared by crystal/amorphous C diffusion for efficient electromagnetic absorption and thermal shielding," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-63975-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-63975-1
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