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Enhanced long wavelength Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg fluctuations in active crystals and glasses

Author

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  • Subhodeep Dey

    (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad)

  • Antik Bhattacharya

    (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad)

  • Smarajit Karmakar

    (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad)

Abstract

In two-dimensions (2D), the Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg (MWH) fluctuation plays a significant role, giving rise to striking dimensionality effects marked by long-range density fluctuations leading to the singularities of various dynamical properties. According to the MWH theorem, a 2D equilibrium system with continuous degrees of freedom cannot achieve long-range crystalline order at non-zero temperatures. Recently, MWH fluctuations have been observed in glass-forming liquids, evidenced by the logarithmic divergence in the plateau value of mean squared displacement (MSD). Our research investigates long-wavelength fluctuations in crystalline and glassy systems influenced by non-equilibrium active noises. Active systems serve as a minimal model for understanding diverse non-equilibrium dynamics, such as those in biological systems and self-propelled colloids. We demonstrate that fluctuations from active forces can strongly couple with long-wavelength density fluctuations, altering the lower critical dimension (dl) from 2 to 3 and leading to a novel logarithmic divergence of the MSD plateau with system size in 3D.

Suggested Citation

  • Subhodeep Dey & Antik Bhattacharya & Smarajit Karmakar, 2025. "Enhanced long wavelength Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg fluctuations in active crystals and glasses," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-61366-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61366-0
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