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Interplay of kinetochores and catalysts drives rapid assembly of the mitotic checkpoint complex

Author

Listed:
  • Suruchi Sethi

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology
    Eradigm Consulting)

  • Sabrina Ghetti

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology)

  • Verena Cmentowski

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology)

  • Teresa Benedetta Guerriere

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology)

  • Patricia Stege

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology)

  • Valentina Piano

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology
    University of Cologne)

  • Andrea Musacchio

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology
    University Duisburg-Essen)

Abstract

The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) ensures mitotic exit occurs only after sister chromatid biorientation, but how this coordination is mechanistically achieved remains unclear. Kinetochores, the megadalton complexes linking chromosomes to spindle microtubules, contribute to SAC signaling. However, whether they act solely as docking platforms or actively promote the co-orientation of SAC catalysts such as MAD1:MAD2 and BUB1:BUB3 remains unresolved. Here, we reconstitute kinetochores and SAC signaling in vitro to address this question. We engineer recombinant kinetochore particles that recruit core SAC components and trigger checkpoint signaling upon Rapamycin induction, and test their function using a panel of targeted mutants. At approximately physiological concentrations of SAC proteins, kinetochores are essential for efficient mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) assembly, the key effector of SAC signaling. Our results suggest that kinetochores serve not only as structural hubs but also as catalytic platforms that concentrate and spatially organize SAC components to accelerate MCC formation and ensure timely checkpoint activation.

Suggested Citation

  • Suruchi Sethi & Sabrina Ghetti & Verena Cmentowski & Teresa Benedetta Guerriere & Patricia Stege & Valentina Piano & Andrea Musacchio, 2025. "Interplay of kinetochores and catalysts drives rapid assembly of the mitotic checkpoint complex," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-59970-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59970-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. John R. Weir & Alex C. Faesen & Kerstin Klare & Arsen Petrovic & Federica Basilico & Josef Fischböck & Satyakrishna Pentakota & Jenny Keller & Marion E. Pesenti & Dongqing Pan & Doro Vogt & Sabine Woh, 2016. "Insights from biochemical reconstitution into the architecture of human kinetochores," Nature, Nature, vol. 537(7619), pages 249-253, September.
    2. Gang Zhang & Thomas Kruse & Blanca López-Méndez & Kathrine Beck Sylvestersen & Dimitriya H. Garvanska & Simone Schopper & Michael Lund Nielsen & Jakob Nilsson, 2017. "Bub1 positions Mad1 close to KNL1 MELT repeats to promote checkpoint signalling," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, August.
    3. Elyse S. Fischer & Conny W. H. Yu & Johannes F. Hevler & Stephen H. McLaughlin & Sarah L. Maslen & Albert J. R. Heck & Stefan M. V. Freund & David Barford, 2022. "Juxtaposition of Bub1 and Cdc20 on phosphorylated Mad1 during catalytic mitotic checkpoint complex assembly," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-18, December.
    4. Alex C. Faesen & Maria Thanasoula & Stefano Maffini & Claudia Breit & Franziska Müller & Suzan van Gerwen & Tanja Bange & Andrea Musacchio, 2017. "Basis of catalytic assembly of the mitotic checkpoint complex," Nature, Nature, vol. 542(7642), pages 498-502, February.
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