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Highly lethal genotype I and II recombinant African swine fever viruses detected in pigs

Author

Listed:
  • Dongming Zhao

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Encheng Sun

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Lianyu Huang

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Leilei Ding

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Yuanmao Zhu

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Jiwen Zhang

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Dongdong Shen

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Xianfeng Zhang

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Zhenjiang Zhang

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Tao Ren

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Wan Wang

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Fang Li

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Xijun He

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Zhigao Bu

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
    Yangzhou University)

Abstract

African swine fever virus (ASFV) poses a great threat to the global pig industry and food security. Currently, 24 ASFV genotypes have been reported but it is unclear whether recombination of different genotype viruses occurs in nature. In this study, we detect three recombinants of genotype I and II ASFVs in pigs in China. These recombinants are genetically similar and classified as genotype I according to their B646L gene, yet 10 discrete fragments accounting for over 56% of their genomes are derived from genotype II virus. Animal studies with one of the recombinant viruses indicate high lethality and transmissibility in pigs, and deletion of the virulence-related genes MGF_505/360 and EP402R derived from virulent genotype II virus highly attenuates its virulence. The live attenuated vaccine derived from genotype II ASFV is not protective against challenge of the recombinant virus. These naturally occurring recombinants of genotype I and II ASFVs have the potential to pose a challenge to the global pig industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Dongming Zhao & Encheng Sun & Lianyu Huang & Leilei Ding & Yuanmao Zhu & Jiwen Zhang & Dongdong Shen & Xianfeng Zhang & Zhenjiang Zhang & Tao Ren & Wan Wang & Fang Li & Xijun He & Zhigao Bu, 2023. "Highly lethal genotype I and II recombinant African swine fever viruses detected in pigs," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-38868-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38868-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ilaria Capua & Mario Monti, 2019. "African swine fever could cause EU rift," Nature, Nature, vol. 566(7744), pages 326-326, February.
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