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Discovery of a maximally charged Weyl point

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  • Qiaolu Chen

    (Zhejiang University
    The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University
    Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University)

  • Fujia Chen

    (Zhejiang University
    The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University
    Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University)

  • Yuang Pan

    (Zhejiang University
    The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University
    Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University)

  • Chaoxi Cui

    (Beijing Institute of Technology
    Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Qinghui Yan

    (Zhejiang University
    The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University
    Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University)

  • Li Zhang

    (Zhejiang University
    The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University
    Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University)

  • Zhen Gao

    (Southern University of Science and Technology)

  • Shengyuan A. Yang

    (Singapore University of Technology and Design)

  • Zhi-Ming Yu

    (Beijing Institute of Technology
    Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Hongsheng Chen

    (Zhejiang University
    The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University
    Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University)

  • Baile Zhang

    (Nanyang Technological University
    Nanyang Technological University)

  • Yihao Yang

    (Zhejiang University
    The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University
    Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University)

Abstract

The hypothetical Weyl particles in high-energy physics have been discovered in three-dimensional crystals as collective quasiparticle excitations near two-fold degenerate Weyl points. Such momentum-space Weyl particles carry quantised chiral charges, which can be measured by counting the number of Fermi arcs emanating from the corresponding Weyl points. It is known that merging unit-charged Weyl particles can create new ones with more charges. However, only very recently has it been realised that there is an upper limit — the maximal charge number that a two-fold Weyl point can host is four — achievable only in crystals without spin-orbit coupling. Here, we report the experimental realisation of such a maximally charged Weyl point in a three-dimensional photonic crystal. The four charges support quadruple-helicoid Fermi arcs, forming an unprecedented topology of two non-contractible loops in the surface Brillouin zone. The helicoid Fermi arcs also exhibit the long-pursued type-II van Hove singularities that can reside at arbitrary momenta. This discovery reveals a type of maximally charged Weyl particles beyond conventional topological particles in crystals.

Suggested Citation

  • Qiaolu Chen & Fujia Chen & Yuang Pan & Chaoxi Cui & Qinghui Yan & Li Zhang & Zhen Gao & Shengyuan A. Yang & Zhi-Ming Yu & Hongsheng Chen & Baile Zhang & Yihao Yang, 2022. "Discovery of a maximally charged Weyl point," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-34978-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34978-z
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    1. Zhicheng Rao & Hang Li & Tiantian Zhang & Shangjie Tian & Chenghe Li & Binbin Fu & Cenyao Tang & Le Wang & Zhilin Li & Wenhui Fan & Jiajun Li & Yaobo Huang & Zhehong Liu & Youwen Long & Chen Fang & Ho, 2019. "Observation of unconventional chiral fermions with long Fermi arcs in CoSi," Nature, Nature, vol. 567(7749), pages 496-499, March.
    2. Ming Zhou & Lei Ying & Ling Lu & Lei Shi & Jian Zi & Zongfu Yu, 2017. "Electromagnetic scattering laws in Weyl systems," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Daniel S. Sanchez & Ilya Belopolski & Tyler A. Cochran & Xitong Xu & Jia-Xin Yin & Guoqing Chang & Weiwei Xie & Kaustuv Manna & Vicky Süß & Cheng-Yi Huang & Nasser Alidoust & Daniel Multer & Songtian , 2019. "Topological chiral crystals with helicoid-arc quantum states," Nature, Nature, vol. 567(7749), pages 500-505, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zihe Gao & Haoqi Zhao & Tianwei Wu & Xilin Feng & Zhifeng Zhang & Xingdu Qiao & Ching-Kai Chiu & Liang Feng, 2023. "Topological quadratic-node semimetal in a photonic microring lattice," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.

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