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Waning effectiveness of the third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine

Author

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  • Tal Patalon

    (Kahn Sagol Maccabi (KSM) Research & Innovation Center, Maccabi Healthcare Services
    Maccabitech Institute for Research and Innovation, Maccabi Healthcare Services)

  • Yaki Saciuk

    (Kahn Sagol Maccabi (KSM) Research & Innovation Center, Maccabi Healthcare Services)

  • Asaf Peretz

    (Maccabitech Institute for Research and Innovation, Maccabi Healthcare Services
    Internal Medicine COVID-19 Ward, Samson Assuta Ashdod University Hospital)

  • Galit Perez

    (Maccabitech Institute for Research and Innovation, Maccabi Healthcare Services)

  • Yoav Lurie

    (Liver unit, Shaare Zedek City Center Campus)

  • Yasmin Maor

    (Tel Aviv University
    Edith Wolfson Medical Centre)

  • Sivan Gazit

    (Kahn Sagol Maccabi (KSM) Research & Innovation Center, Maccabi Healthcare Services
    Maccabitech Institute for Research and Innovation, Maccabi Healthcare Services)

Abstract

The duration of protection of the third (booster) dose of the BioNTech/Pfizer BNT162b2 mRNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 vaccine has been the subject of recent investigations, as global discussions around the necessity and effectiveness of a fourth dose are already underway. By conducting a retrospective study implementing a test-negative case-control design, analyzing 546,924 PCR tests performed throughout January 2022 by 389,265 persons who received at least two doses, we find that the effectiveness in each month-since-vaccination decreases significantly. Compared to those vaccinated five months prior to the outcome period, on August 2021, relative protection against infection waned from 53.4% a month after vaccination to 16.5% three months after vaccination. These results suggest that there is a significant waning of vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron variant of the third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine within a few months after administration. Additional information could assist to comprehensively estimate the effectiveness of the three-dose-strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Tal Patalon & Yaki Saciuk & Asaf Peretz & Galit Perez & Yoav Lurie & Yasmin Maor & Sivan Gazit, 2022. "Waning effectiveness of the third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30884-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30884-6
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    1. Barak Mizrahi & Roni Lotan & Nir Kalkstein & Asaf Peretz & Galit Perez & Amir Ben-Tov & Gabriel Chodick & Sivan Gazit & Tal Patalon, 2021. "Correlation of SARS-CoV-2-breakthrough infections to time-from-vaccine," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-5, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Michal Canetti & Noam Barda & Mayan Gilboa & Victoria Indenbaum & Michal Mandelboim & Tal Gonen & Keren Asraf & Yael Weiss-Ottolenghi & Sharon Amit & Ram Doolman & Ella Mendelson & Dror Harats & Laure, 2022. "Immunogenicity and efficacy of fourth BNT162b2 and mRNA1273 COVID-19 vaccine doses; three months follow-up," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Joseph A. Lewnard & Vennis Hong & Jeniffer S. Kim & Sally F. Shaw & Bruno Lewin & Harpreet Takhar & Marc Lipsitch & Sara Y. Tartof, 2023. "Increased vaccine sensitivity of an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Laura Pérez-Alós & Cecilie Bo Hansen & Jose Juan Almagro Armenteros & Johannes Roth Madsen & Line Dam Heftdal & Rasmus Bo Hasselbalch & Mia Marie Pries-Heje & Rafael Bayarri-Olmos & Ida Jarlhelt & Seb, 2023. "Previous immunity shapes immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination and Omicron breakthrough infection risk," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.
    4. Alejandro Jara & Cristobal Cuadrado & Eduardo A. Undurraga & Christian García & Manuel Nájera & María Paz Bertoglia & Verónica Vergara & Jorge Fernández & Heriberto García-Escorza & Rafael Araos, 2023. "Effectiveness of the second COVID-19 booster against Omicron: a large-scale cohort study in Chile," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    5. Denis Mongin & Nils Bürgisser & Gustavo Laurie & Guillaume Schimmel & Diem-Lan Vu & Stephane Cullati & Delphine Sophie Courvoisier, 2023. "Effect of SARS-CoV-2 prior infection and mRNA vaccination on contagiousness and susceptibility to infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.

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