IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v13y2022i1d10.1038_s41467-022-30724-7.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Highly heterogeneous epitaxy of flexoelectric BaTiO3-δ membrane on Ge

Author

Listed:
  • Liyan Dai

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Jinyan Zhao

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Jingrui Li

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Bohan Chen

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Shijie Zhai

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Zhongying Xue

    (Chinese Academy of Science)

  • Zengfeng Di

    (Chinese Academy of Science)

  • Boyuan Feng

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Yanxiao Sun

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Yunyun Luo

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Ming Ma

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Jie Zhang

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Sunan Ding

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Libo Zhao

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Zhuangde Jiang

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Wenbo Luo

    (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China)

  • Yi Quan

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University
    Xidian University)

  • Jutta Schwarzkopf

    (Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung)

  • Thomas Schroeder

    (Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung)

  • Zuo-Guang Ye

    (Simon Fraser University)

  • Ya-Hong Xie

    (University of California)

  • Wei Ren

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Gang Niu

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University)

Abstract

The integration of complex oxides with a wide spectrum of functionalities on Si, Ge and flexible substrates is highly demanded for functional devices in information technology. We demonstrate the remote epitaxy of BaTiO3 (BTO) on Ge using a graphene intermediate layer, which forms a prototype of highly heterogeneous epitaxial systems. The Ge surface orientation dictates the outcome of remote epitaxy. Single crystalline epitaxial BTO3-δ films were grown on graphene/Ge (011), whereas graphene/Ge (001) led to textured films. The graphene plays an important role in surface passivation. The remote epitaxial deposition of BTO3-δ follows the Volmer-Weber growth mode, with the strain being partially relaxed at the very beginning of the growth. Such BTO3-δ films can be easily exfoliated and transferred to arbitrary substrates like Si and flexible polyimide. The transferred BTO3-δ films possess enhanced flexoelectric properties with a gauge factor of as high as 1127. These results not only expand the understanding of heteroepitaxy, but also open a pathway for the applications of devices based on complex oxides.

Suggested Citation

  • Liyan Dai & Jinyan Zhao & Jingrui Li & Bohan Chen & Shijie Zhai & Zhongying Xue & Zengfeng Di & Boyuan Feng & Yanxiao Sun & Yunyun Luo & Ming Ma & Jie Zhang & Sunan Ding & Libo Zhao & Zhuangde Jiang &, 2022. "Highly heterogeneous epitaxy of flexoelectric BaTiO3-δ membrane on Ge," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30724-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30724-7
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-30724-7
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/s41467-022-30724-7?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Patrick Ponath & Kurt Fredrickson & Agham B. Posadas & Yuan Ren & Xiaoyu Wu & Rama K. Vasudevan & M. Baris Okatan & S. Jesse & Toshihiro Aoki & Martha R. McCartney & David J. Smith & Sergei V. Kalinin, 2015. "Carrier density modulation in a germanium heterostructure by ferroelectric switching," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-7, May.
    2. Saidur Rahman Bakaul & Claudy Rayan Serrao & Michelle Lee & Chun Wing Yeung & Asis Sarker & Shang-Lin Hsu & Ajay Kumar Yadav & Liv Dedon & Long You & Asif Islam Khan & James David Clarkson & Chenming , 2016. "Single crystal functional oxides on silicon," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-5, April.
    3. P. Z. Sun & Q. Yang & W. J. Kuang & Y. V. Stebunov & W. Q. Xiong & J. Yu & R. R. Nair & M. I. Katsnelson & S. J. Yuan & I. V. Grigorieva & M. Lozada-Hidalgo & F. C. Wang & A. K. Geim, 2020. "Limits on gas impermeability of graphene," Nature, Nature, vol. 579(7798), pages 229-232, March.
    4. Yunjo Kim & Samuel S. Cruz & Kyusang Lee & Babatunde O. Alawode & Chanyeol Choi & Yi Song & Jared M. Johnson & Christopher Heidelberger & Wei Kong & Shinhyun Choi & Kuan Qiao & Ibraheem Almansouri & E, 2017. "Remote epitaxy through graphene enables two-dimensional material-based layer transfer," Nature, Nature, vol. 544(7650), pages 340-343, April.
    5. Stefan Abel & Thilo Stöferle & Chiara Marchiori & Christophe Rossel & Marta D. Rossell & Rolf Erni & Daniele Caimi & Marilyne Sousa & Alexei Chelnokov & Bert J. Offrein & Jean Fompeyrine, 2013. "A strong electro-optically active lead-free ferroelectric integrated on silicon," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 4(1), pages 1-6, June.
    6. Hyun S. Kum & Hyungwoo Lee & Sungkyu Kim & Shane Lindemann & Wei Kong & Kuan Qiao & Peng Chen & Julian Irwin & June Hyuk Lee & Saien Xie & Shruti Subramanian & Jaewoo Shim & Sang-Hoon Bae & Chanyeol C, 2020. "Heterogeneous integration of single-crystalline complex-oxide membranes," Nature, Nature, vol. 578(7793), pages 75-81, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sebastian Manzo & Patrick J. Strohbeen & Zheng Hui Lim & Vivek Saraswat & Dongxue Du & Shining Xu & Nikhil Pokharel & Luke J. Mawst & Michael S. Arnold & Jason K. Kawasaki, 2022. "Pinhole-seeded lateral epitaxy and exfoliation of GaSb films on graphene-terminated surfaces," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. J. W. Lee & K. Eom & T. R. Paudel & B. Wang & H. Lu & H. X. Huyan & S. Lindemann & S. Ryu & H. Lee & T. H. Kim & Y. Yuan & J. A. Zorn & S. Lei & W. P. Gao & T. Tybell & V. Gopalan & X. Q. Pan & A. Gru, 2021. "In-plane quasi-single-domain BaTiO3 via interfacial symmetry engineering," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Zhihua Zhou & Yongtao Tan & Qian Yang & Achintya Bera & Zecheng Xiong & Mehmet Yagmurcukardes & Minsoo Kim & Yichao Zou & Guanghua Wang & Artem Mishchenko & Ivan Timokhin & Canbin Wang & Hao Wang & Ch, 2022. "Gas permeation through graphdiyne-based nanoporous membranes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-6, December.
    4. Alexandre Heintz & Bouraoui Ilahi & Alexandre Pofelski & Gianluigi Botton & Gilles Patriarche & Andrea Barzaghi & Simon Fafard & Richard Arès & Giovanni Isella & Abderraouf Boucherif, 2022. "Defect free strain relaxation of microcrystals on mesoporous patterned silicon," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    5. Z. F. Wu & P. Z. Sun & O. J. Wahab & Y. T. Tan & D. Barry & D. Periyanagounder & P. B. Pillai & Q. Dai & W. Q. Xiong & L. F. Vega & K. Lulla & S. J. Yuan & R. R. Nair & E. Daviddi & P. R. Unwin & A. K, 2023. "Proton and molecular permeation through the basal plane of monolayer graphene oxide," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    6. Harry Apostoleris & Marco Stefancich & Matteo Chiesa, 2021. "The CPV “Toolbox”: New Approaches to Maximizing Solar Resource Utilization with Application-Oriented Concentrator Photovoltaics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-15, February.
    7. Ruiqing Cheng & Lei Yin & Yao Wen & Baoxing Zhai & Yuzheng Guo & Zhaofu Zhang & Weitu Liao & Wenqi Xiong & Hao Wang & Shengjun Yuan & Jian Jiang & Chuansheng Liu & Jun He, 2022. "Ultrathin ferrite nanosheets for room-temperature two-dimensional magnetic semiconductors," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    8. Xue Yang & Lin Cheng & Zhaoming Zhang & Jun Zhao & Ruixue Bai & Zhewen Guo & Wei Yu & Xuzhou Yan, 2022. "Amplification of integrated microscopic motions of high-density [2]rotaxanes in mechanically interlocked networks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    9. J. Cai & E. Griffin & V. H. Guarochico-Moreira & D. Barry & B. Xin & M. Yagmurcukardes & S. Zhang & A. K. Geim & F. M. Peeters & M. Lozada-Hidalgo, 2022. "Wien effect in interfacial water dissociation through proton-permeable graphene electrodes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    10. Ping-Chun Wu & Chia-Chun Wei & Qilan Zhong & Sheng-Zhu Ho & Yi-De Liou & Yu-Chen Liu & Chun-Chien Chiu & Wen-Yen Tzeng & Kuo-En Chang & Yao-Wen Chang & Junding Zheng & Chun-Fu Chang & Chien-Ming Tu & , 2022. "Twisted oxide lateral homostructures with conjunction tunability," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    11. P. Z. Sun & M. Yagmurcukardes & R. Zhang & W. J. Kuang & M. Lozada-Hidalgo & B. L. Liu & H.-M. Cheng & F. C. Wang & F. M. Peeters & I. V. Grigorieva & A. K. Geim, 2021. "Exponentially selective molecular sieving through angstrom pores," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-7, December.
    12. Qiwu Shi & Eric Parsonnet & Xiaoxing Cheng & Natalya Fedorova & Ren-Ci Peng & Abel Fernandez & Alexander Qualls & Xiaoxi Huang & Xue Chang & Hongrui Zhang & David Pesquera & Sujit Das & Dmitri Nikonov, 2022. "The role of lattice dynamics in ferroelectric switching," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    13. S. Huang & E. Griffin & J. Cai & B. Xin & J. Tong & Y. Fu & V. Kravets & F. M. Peeters & M. Lozada-Hidalgo, 2023. "Gate-controlled suppression of light-driven proton transport through graphene electrodes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    14. Linghui Sun & Ninghong Jia & Chun Feng & Lu Wang & Siyuan Liu & Weifeng Lyu, 2023. "Exploration of Oil/Water/Gas Occurrence State in Shale Reservoir by Molecular Dynamics Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-14, October.
    15. Byungmin Sohn & Jeong Rae Kim & Choong H. Kim & Sangmin Lee & Sungsoo Hahn & Younsik Kim & Soonsang Huh & Donghan Kim & Youngdo Kim & Wonshik Kyung & Minsoo Kim & Miyoung Kim & Tae Won Noh & Changyoun, 2021. "Observation of metallic electronic structure in a single-atomic-layer oxide," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-8, December.
    16. Zhen Luo & Zijian Wang & Zeyu Guan & Chao Ma & Letian Zhao & Chuanchuan Liu & Haoyang Sun & He Wang & Yue Lin & Xi Jin & Yuewei Yin & Xiaoguang Li, 2022. "High-precision and linear weight updates by subnanosecond pulses in ferroelectric tunnel junction for neuro-inspired computing," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30724-7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.