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Prokaryotic viruses impact functional microorganisms in nutrient removal and carbon cycle in wastewater treatment plants

Author

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  • Yiqiang Chen

    (The University of Hong Kong)

  • Yulin Wang

    (The University of Hong Kong)

  • David Paez-Espino

    (Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

  • Martin F. Polz

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    University of Vienna)

  • Tong Zhang

    (The University of Hong Kong)

Abstract

As one of the largest biotechnological applications, activated sludge (AS) systems in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) harbor enormous viruses, with 10-1,000-fold higher concentrations than in natural environments. However, the compositional variation and host-connections of AS viruses remain poorly explored. Here, we report a catalogue of ~50,000 prokaryotic viruses from six WWTPs, increasing the number of described viral species of AS by 23-fold, and showing the very high viral diversity which is largely unknown (98.4-99.6% of total viral contigs). Most viral genera are represented in more than one AS system with 53 identified across all. Viral infection widely spans 8 archaeal and 58 bacterial phyla, linking viruses with aerobic/anaerobic heterotrophs, and other functional microorganisms controlling nitrogen/phosphorous removal. Notably, Mycobacterium, notorious for causing AS foaming, is associated with 402 viral genera. Our findings expand the current AS virus catalogue and provide reference for the phage treatment to control undesired microorganisms in WWTPs.

Suggested Citation

  • Yiqiang Chen & Yulin Wang & David Paez-Espino & Martin F. Polz & Tong Zhang, 2021. "Prokaryotic viruses impact functional microorganisms in nutrient removal and carbon cycle in wastewater treatment plants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-25678-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25678-1
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    Cited by:

    1. Yuxuan Du & Jed A. Fuhrman & Fengzhu Sun, 2023. "ViralCC retrieves complete viral genomes and virus-host pairs from metagenomic Hi-C data," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Yuxuan Du & Fengzhu Sun, 2023. "MetaCC allows scalable and integrative analyses of both long-read and short-read metagenomic Hi-C data," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Ruonan Wu & Michelle R. Davison & William C. Nelson & Montana L. Smith & Mary S. Lipton & Janet K. Jansson & Ryan S. McClure & Jason E. McDermott & Kirsten S. Hofmockel, 2023. "Hi-C metagenome sequencing reveals soil phage–host interactions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    4. Zongzhi Wu & Tang Liu & Qian Chen & Tianyi Chen & Jinyun Hu & Liyu Sun & Bingxue Wang & Wenpeng Li & Jinren Ni, 2024. "Unveiling the unknown viral world in groundwater," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.

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