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Trade Sustainability and Efficiency under the Belt and Road Initiative: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of China’s Trade Potential at Industry Level

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  • Wenhui Jiang
  • Hai Zhang
  • Yuanyuan Lin

Abstract

This study calculates the export trade potential and trade efficiency of China to countries along the Belt and Road within the HS 2-digit code sectors; the influencing factors are also analyzed using the one-step method. The stochastic frontier gravity model is applied on a dataset including 35 countries during 2009–2017. The results indicated that the trade resistance of China’s export to countries along the Belt and Road has increased over time, while there is still huge trade potential at various industries. Moreover, trade efficiency is high in mechanical and electrical products, iron or steel articles, and furniture and bedding. Low-efficiency products include live animals, cork, vegetable plaiting materials, tin, and arms. To further improve the trade efficiency, it is necessary to strengthen the cooperation with the countries along the Belt and Road in infrastructure construction and investment based on the free trade area. These findings have great significance for the sustainable and high-quality development of the Belt and Road initiative.

Suggested Citation

  • Wenhui Jiang & Hai Zhang & Yuanyuan Lin, 2022. "Trade Sustainability and Efficiency under the Belt and Road Initiative: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of China’s Trade Potential at Industry Level," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(6), pages 1740-1752, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:mes:emfitr:v:58:y:2022:i:6:p:1740-1752
    DOI: 10.1080/1540496X.2021.1925246
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    Cited by:

    1. Kexin Li & Jianxu Liu & Yuting Xue & Sanzidur Rahman & Songsak Sriboonchitta, 2022. "Consequences of Ignoring Dependent Error Components and Heterogeneity in a Stochastic Frontier Model: An Application to Rice Producers in Northern Thailand," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-17, July.
    2. Weibing Chen & Bian Wu & Qing Guo, 2024. "The efficiency of China's export trade with Africa and its influence mechanism," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 36(2), pages 187-200, June.
    3. Qi Gao & Qiang Wang & Wei Zhang, 2024. "How business environment of countries along the Belt and Road impacts China’s OFDI efficiency: a stochastic frontier gravity model approach," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, December.

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