New Developments of the International Law, at the Beginning of XXIst Century: Towards a Global Charter of Nations Rights

At the beginning of the 21st century, international law remains in its essence an inter-state law, which does not recognise nations as distinct subjects of law (with the exception of peoples fighting for their independence). In the present paper, we propose a study devoted to the idea that, in the future, in the context of fundamental shifts of the global world, therefore, in the context of inevitable developments in international law, peoples (nations) will become distinct subjects of law, in comparison to states, as holders of rights and obligations that are specific to the new global law, as we will try to explain. Starting from the consecration of the third generation of human rights as rights of solidarity, surpassing the strictly individual field of legal protection, new categories of fundamental rights for the peoples can be developed, recognised as such by the states and international organisations, on the basis of sustainable development and of the “no one will be left behind “principles, that are defined inclusively in the 2030 Agenda.