A Model Of Policy Architecture In Cultural Heritage Protection: "Superposition - Subsidiarity - Multilevel Governance (S-S-Mlg Model)" On The Example Of The Immovable Heritage Protection Policy Of The Republic Of Poland

The paper presents a model of public policy architecture in the field of cultural heritage protection, which the authors have discovered and named: Superposition - Subsidiarity - Multilevel Governance (S-S-MLG Model). This model also describes other public policies (sectoral and horizontal), which can and should be analysed with the use of it. Therefore, the developed model is of comprehensive utility for political science, administration, and public policy practice. The first part of the paper is devoted to models for public policy analysis, i.e., decision making / decision models, process models, architecture models, evaluation models. The next issue is the definition of the cultural heritage policy as an umbrella policy for seven specific vertical policies, i.e., the policy towards immovable monuments, the policy towards movable monuments, the policy towards archaeological monuments, the policy towards intangible heritage, the policy towards heritage of exceptional value, the policy towards difficult heritage and the policy towards endangered heritage. The policy towards immovable monuments can also be named the immovable heritage protection policy. Then, the developed S-S-MLG Model is presented. The superposition principle for public policy studies is discussed in detail. Next the subsidiarity principle, its rules, and the practice of their implementation in the policy towards immovable monuments in Poland are explained. The final topic is the discussion of the Multilevel Governance (MLG) methodology as the only method of effective implementation of the assumed goals in the policy systems based on superposition and subsidiarity principles, drawing from the many years of experience of the European Union.