Analytical aspects of assessment of energy dependence in petroleum-deficit countries

The article presents a methodical approach to assessment of a complete typical energy dependence for petroleum-deficit countries, which takes into account both dependence of the national economy on external supplies of petroleum and dependence on external supplies of light petroleum products and also efficiency of transformation of liquid hydrocarbons into motor fuel. The study, conducted on the basis of European countries, allowed determination of the level of their typical energy dependence. It was established that the majority of European countries are petroleum dependent. The article specifies the following types of dependence: on import of petroleum, on import of petroleum products and on two types of fuel and energy resources. However, in spite of deficit of own reserves of petroleum in European countries, some countries have sufficiently developed petroleum processing complex, which allows them not only satisfaction of own needs, but also export of petroleum products, which reduces their petroleum dependence. The article establishes that Ukraine depends both on petroleum supplies and on petroleum products supplies. The main reasons of high petroleum dependence of the national economy are insufficiency of own reserves of petroleum and outdated scheme of petroleum processing. The conducted clusterisation allowed splitting European countries into 7 groups. The results of clusterisation and study of the problems of the resource cycle of motor fuel of Ukraine helped to establish two possible variants of its development, which are: refusal to have own production of motor fuel or its growth and joining the group of countries that are small exporters. The article explains that development of the resource cycle of the motor fuel of Ukraine is possible only through establishing its production using already available raw materials.