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公的年金の所得移転―「5つの選択肢」と1999年度改正案―, Income Transfer through the Public Pension System -The “Five Alternative Plans” and the 1999 Pension Reform Plans-

Author

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  • Aso, Yoshibumi

Abstract

この論文では厚生省が1997年に発表した「5つの選択肢」および1999年度改正案がどのような所得移転をもたらすのかを分析した.分析の結果,次のことが明らかになった.まず,(1)5つの選択肢のどの案が採用されるかで大きな影響を受ける二つのグループが存在する.一つは1980年生まれ以降の世代(将来世代)であり,もう一つのグループは1940年から1970年生まれの世代(移行期世代)である.(2)将来世代にとっては A 案(現状の給付水準を維持する案)がもっとも不利で,D 案(給付水準を4割削減する案)が有利である.しかし,移行期の世代にとっては A 案が有利で D 案は不利である.(3)厚生年金の1999年度改正案は C 案とほぼ等しい内容である.この案のもとで,負担と給付が均衡する世代は1960年生まれの世代であり,それ以降の世代は負担が給付を上回っている.将来世代とっては生涯所得の10%程度が厚生年金を通じて取り上げられている.(4)厚生年金制度は労働供給に対して暗黙の課税を行っているが,暗黙の税率は将来世代ほど大きい.(5)国民年金の所得移転は厚生年金に比べれば小さいが,やはり世代間格差が存在する.負担と給付がほぼ均衡するのは1975年生まれの世代であり,それ以降の世代は負担超過である.将来世代の負担は夫婦合計で生涯所得の3%程度である., We analyzed the quantitative impact of income transfer under the “five alternative plans of pension reform”, which were announced by Ministry of Health and Welfare in December 1997, and under the 1999 Pension Reform Plans. We found the following. (1) While plan D (reducing benefit by 40%) of “Five Alternative Plans” is favorable for the younger and future generations (born after 1980), plan A (maintaining the current benefit level) is favorable for the transitional generations (born from 1940 to 1970). (2) The net income transfer through Kosei Nenkin System (pension system for employees) for the generation born in 1960 is almost zero under 1999 pension reform plan. For the generation born after 1960, the burden exceeds benefit, and net burden for future generations is almost 10% of their lifetime income. (3) The Kosei Nenkin System imposes implicit tax on labor supply. This implicit tax rate is higher for future generations. (4) For the generation born in 1975, net income transfer through Kokumin Nenkin System (pension system for self-employees) is almost zero. For the future generations, excess payment over benefit is equal to almost 3% of their lifetime income.

Suggested Citation

  • Aso, Yoshibumi, 2000. "公的年金の所得移転―「5つの選択肢」と1999年度改正案―, Income Transfer through the Public Pension System -The “Five Alternative Plans” and the 1999 Pension Reform Plans-," Economic Review, Hitotsubashi University, vol. 51(2), pages 152-161, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:hit:ecorev:v:51:y:2000:i:2:p:152-161
    DOI: 10.15057/21210
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    Cited by:

    1. Hayo, Bernd & Ono, Hiroyuki, 2011. "Livelihood and care of the elderly: Determinants of public attitudes in Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 25(1), pages 76-98, March.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions

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