Experimental Investigation of Wind Effect on Roof Configurations with Photovoltaic Panel Systems for Sustainable Building Design

This study investigates the aerodynamic behavior of roof structures under wind-induced forces, focusing on buildings equipped with photovoltaic panels. Experimental data were obtained through wind tunnel testing of three 1:100 scale models, each representing a distinct roof geometry: gabled, hipped, and multi-pitched. Measurements of dynamic pressure and pressure coefficients were conducted for various wind incidence angles, ranging from 0° to ±150°. The results highlight the impact of roof geometry and PV panel placement on the pressure distribution, with notable variations due to flow separation and vortex formation around the panels. Gabled roofs exhibited pronounced pressure gradients, while hipped roofs showed more uniform distributions. Multi-pitched roofs demonstrated the most complex aerodynamic behavior due to their variable slopes. These findings enhance the understanding of wind-structure interactions for buildings with roof photovoltaic panels, contributing to the development of more resilient and energy-efficient structures. The research supports sustainable construction practices by improving wind load predictions and informing design decisions that promote the safe integration of renewable energy systems into the built environment.