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Rapid Assessment of 2022 Floods around the UNESCO Site of Mohenjo-Daro in Pakistan by Using Sentinel and Planet Labs Missions

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  • Alexandru Hegyi

    (Centre for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, 46 Shimo-Adachi, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
    Applied Geomorphology and Interdisciplinary Research Centre (CGACI), Department of Geography, West University of Timișoara, 300223 Timișoara, Timis, Romania)

  • Athos Agapiou

    (Earth Observation Cultural Heritage Research Lab, Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus)

Abstract

This communication study aims to provide evidence on how Sentinel sensors and Copernicus Programme’s contributing missions can support heritage endangered by natural hazards. The recent catastrophic floods of 2022 in Pakistan, mainly in the Indus Valley, threatened one of the most iconic sites within the country; thus, the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Mohenjo-Daro was selected here as a case study. Even if the main area of the site was not directly affected by the floods but rather by the heavy rains, its landscape suffered profound damage. This study aims to report a combined remote-sensing methodology for a rapid assessment of the flooded areas around the site. By using Sentinel-1 radar data in combination with mid-resolution Sentinel-2 data and Planet Lab images, it was possible to accurately map the affected areas near the site. This approach can be used to better understand the extent of the affected areas and build a better recovery strategy. A near-real-time satellite-based investigation and observations combining various sensors and resolutions (Sentinel 1 and 2 images, as well as Planet Lab images) can provide valuable insights for local heritage managers.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandru Hegyi & Athos Agapiou, 2023. "Rapid Assessment of 2022 Floods around the UNESCO Site of Mohenjo-Daro in Pakistan by Using Sentinel and Planet Labs Missions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:2084-:d:1043789
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. G. Schrier & L. M. Rasmijn & J. Barkmeijer & A. Sterl & W. Hazeleger, 2018. "The 2010 Pakistan floods in a future climate," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 148(1), pages 205-218, May.
    2. Sanjay Jain & R. Singh & M. Jain & A. Lohani, 2005. "Delineation of Flood-Prone Areas Using Remote Sensing Techniques," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 19(4), pages 333-347, August.
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