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Bacteria Isolated from Wastewater Irrigated Agricultural Soils Adapt to Heavy Metal Toxicity While Maintaining Their Plant Growth Promoting Traits

Author

Listed:
  • Abdul Wahab Ajmal

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Saleha Saroosh

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Shah Mulk

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Nadeem Hassan

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Humaira Yasmin

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Zahra Jabeen

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Asia Nosheen

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Syed Muhammad Usman Shah

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Rabia Naz

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Zuhair Hasnain

    (PMAS, Attock Campus, Arid Agriculture University, Attock 46000, Pakistan)

  • Tariq Mahmood Qureshi

    (Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan)

  • Abdul Waheed

    (National Tea and High Value Crops Research Institute, PARC, Shinkiari, Mansehra 22010, Pakistan)

  • Saqib Mumtaz

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

Abstract

The present study explored the plant growth promotion and bioremediation potential of bacteria inhabiting wastewater irrigated agricultural soils. Thirty out of 75 bacterial isolates (40%), 29/75 (39%) and 28/75 (37%) solubilized Zn, K and PO 4 during plate essays respectively. Fifty-six percent of the isolates produced siderophores, while 30% released protease in vitro. Seventy-four percent of bacteria resisted Pb, Ni and Cd at various concentrations added to the culture media plates. Sixteen out of 75 (26%) isolates were able to fix N in Nbf medium. Among these 16 N fixers, N fixing nifH, nifD and nifK genes was detected through PCR in 8, 7 and 1 strain respectively using gene specific primers designed in the study with Enterobacter sp. having all three ( nifHKD) genes. Isolated bacteria showed resemblance to diverse genera such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Acinetobacter, Serratia, Klebsiella and Enterococcus based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. In addition to showing the best mineral solubilization and metal resistance potential, Citrobacter sp. and Enterobacter sp. also removed 87%, 79% and 43% and 86%, 78% and 51% of Ni, Cd and Pb, respectively, from aqueous solution. These potent bacteria may be exploited both for bioremediation and biofertilization of wastewater irrigated soils leading to sustainable agriculture.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdul Wahab Ajmal & Saleha Saroosh & Shah Mulk & Muhammad Nadeem Hassan & Humaira Yasmin & Zahra Jabeen & Asia Nosheen & Syed Muhammad Usman Shah & Rabia Naz & Zuhair Hasnain & Tariq Mahmood Qureshi &, 2021. "Bacteria Isolated from Wastewater Irrigated Agricultural Soils Adapt to Heavy Metal Toxicity While Maintaining Their Plant Growth Promoting Traits," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:14:p:7792-:d:593046
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Leonid Perelomov & Olga Sizova & Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman & Irina Perelomova & Tatiana Minkina & Sergei Sokolov & Yury Atroshchenko, 2022. "Metal-Tolerant Bacteria of Wastewater Treatment Plant in a Large City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-11, September.
    2. Samina Bashir & Muhammad Numan & Zabta Khan Shinwari, 2022. "Selective Isolation of Bioactive-Pigmented Bacteria from Saline Agricultural Soil and Assessment of Their Antimicrobial Potential against Plant Pathogens," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-13, October.

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