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Weed Spectrum in Durum Wheat under Different Soil Tillage and Fertilizer Application in Mediterranean Environment

Author

Listed:
  • Verdiana Petroselli

    (Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy)

  • Emanuele Radicetti

    (Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Alireza Safahani Langeroodi

    (Department of Agronomy, Payane Noor University, Tehran 845683111, Iran)

  • Mohamed Allam

    (Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy)

  • Roberto Mancinelli

    (Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy)

Abstract

Agricultural intensification may cause significant changes in weed density due to high weed competitiveness. Therefore, sustainable practices are to be designed to get maximum benefits of plant biodiversity in the agro-ecosystems. Field experiments were conducted in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 to evaluate the impact of fertilizer source and soil tillage on weed spectrum in durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf.). Treatments in this study were: (i) two fertilizer sources (mineral fertilizer (MIN) and municipal organic waste (MOW)), and (ii) three tillage regimes (plowing (Plo), subsoiling (Sub) and spading (SM)). A randomized complete block design with three replications was adopted. Data on weed density and biomass were collected at the wheat tillering stage. Weed density was higher in MOW than MIN (53.8 vs. 44.0 plants·m −2 ), especially in 2014/2015, while S was the highest among tillage regimes (58.2 plants·m −2 ). Annual and monocots species were always the highest in subsoiling (43.5 and 10.1 plants·m −2 ). The density of perennial and dicots species was higher in MOW compared with MIN plots, regardless of soil tillage management. Weed community, in terms of weed species composition, varied between the two fertilizer sources, while among soil tillage regimes, it only differed between plowing and subsoiling. Based on the analysis of weed community composition, annual dicot species were mainly associated with plowing, while monocots tended to be associated with MIN fertilizer. Spading tillage may be a useful strategy for managing weed diversity under organic fertilization, where mineral soil nitrogen availability was limited. Conversely, the spading machine produced lower grain yields than plowing with mineral fertilizer application.

Suggested Citation

  • Verdiana Petroselli & Emanuele Radicetti & Alireza Safahani Langeroodi & Mohamed Allam & Roberto Mancinelli, 2021. "Weed Spectrum in Durum Wheat under Different Soil Tillage and Fertilizer Application in Mediterranean Environment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-16, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:13:p:7307-:d:585298
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Iwona Jaskulska & Dariusz Jaskulski & Marek Różniak & Maja Radziemska & Lech Gałęzewski, 2020. "Zonal Tillage as Innovative Element of the Technology of Growing Winter Wheat: A Field Experiment under Low Rainfall Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-12, April.
    2. Ali reza Safahani Langeroodi & Roberto Mancinelli & Emanuele Radicetti, 2020. "How Do Intensification Practices Affect Weed Management and Yield in Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd) Crop?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-14, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Roberto Mancinelli & Mohamed Allam & Verdiana Petroselli & Mariam Atait & Merima Jasarevic & Alessia Catalani & Sara Marinari & Emanuele Radicetti & Aftab Jamal & Zainul Abideen & Gabriele Chilosi, 2023. "Durum Wheat Production as Affected by Soil Tillage and Fertilization Management in a Mediterranean Environment," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-15, February.

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