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Fresh and Hardened Properties of Extrusion-Based 3D-Printed Cementitious Materials: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Zhanzhao Li

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
    School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

  • Maryam Hojati

    (Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA)

  • Zhengyu Wu

    (Department of Architecture Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA)

  • Jonathon Piasente

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA)

  • Negar Ashrafi

    (Department of Architecture, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA)

  • José P. Duarte

    (Department of Architecture, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA)

  • Shadi Nazarian

    (Department of Architecture, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA)

  • Sven G. Bilén

    (School of Engineering Design, Technology, and Professional Programs, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA)

  • Ali M. Memari

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
    Department of Architecture Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA)

  • Aleksandra Radlińska

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA)

Abstract

3D-printing of cementitious materials is an innovative construction approach with which building elements can be constructed without the use of formwork. Despite potential benefits in the construction industry, it introduces various engineering challenges from the material point of view. This paper reviews the properties of extrusion-based 3D-printed cementitious materials in both fresh and hardened states. Four main properties of fresh-state printing materials are addressed: flowability, extrudability, buildability, and open time, along with hardened properties, including density, compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile bond strength, shrinkage, and cracking. Experimental testing and effective factors of each property are covered, and a mix design procedure is proposed. The main objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the recent development in 3D-printing of cementitious materials and to identify the research gaps that need further investigation.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhanzhao Li & Maryam Hojati & Zhengyu Wu & Jonathon Piasente & Negar Ashrafi & José P. Duarte & Shadi Nazarian & Sven G. Bilén & Ali M. Memari & Aleksandra Radlińska, 2020. "Fresh and Hardened Properties of Extrusion-Based 3D-Printed Cementitious Materials: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-34, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:14:p:5628-:d:383862
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Behrokh Khoshnevis & Dooil Hwang & Ke-Thia Yao & Zhenghao Yeh, 2006. "Mega-scale fabrication by Contour Crafting," International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 1(3), pages 301-320.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ana S. Guimarães & João M. P. Q. Delgado & Sandra S. Lucas, 2021. "Advanced Manufacturing in Civil Engineering," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-14, July.

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