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Tourist Traffic Significantly Affects Microbial Communities of Sandstone Cave Sediments in the Protected Landscape Area “Labské Pískovce” (Czech Republic): Implications for Regulatory Measures

Author

Listed:
  • Jaroslav Kukla

    (Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Králova Výšina 3132/7, Ústí nad Labem 400 96, Czech Republic
    Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, CZ12800 Praha, Czech Republic)

  • Michal Holec

    (Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Králova Výšina 3132/7, Ústí nad Labem 400 96, Czech Republic)

  • Josef Trögl

    (Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Králova Výšina 3132/7, Ústí nad Labem 400 96, Czech Republic)

  • Diana Holcová

    (Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Králova Výšina 3132/7, Ústí nad Labem 400 96, Czech Republic)

  • Dagmar Hofmanová

    (Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Králova Výšina 3132/7, Ústí nad Labem 400 96, Czech Republic)

  • Pavel Kuráň

    (Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Králova Výšina 3132/7, Ústí nad Labem 400 96, Czech Republic)

  • Jan Popelka

    (Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Králova Výšina 3132/7, Ústí nad Labem 400 96, Czech Republic)

  • Jan Pacina

    (Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Králova Výšina 3132/7, Ústí nad Labem 400 96, Czech Republic)

  • Sylvie Kříženecká

    (Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Králova Výšina 3132/7, Ústí nad Labem 400 96, Czech Republic)

  • Sergej Usťak

    (Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507/73, 161 06 Praha 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic)

  • Roman Honzík

    (Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507/73, 161 06 Praha 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic)

Abstract

In the Protected Landscape Area “Labské pískovce” (Czech Republic), there are many sandstone caves accessible by permission only and where climbing equipment is commonly required. The tradition of visiting the caves dates back to turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and visitors traditionally record their visits in log-books. We have gathered attendance data from 12 caves from log-books and via survey (2-year form collection period). The attendance varied from less than 10 to ~650 visitors annually. Signs of inadequate behavior of visitors were observed, especially waste disposal and smoking in the caves. Sediment step-compression increased significantly the ratios of fungi/bacteria and gram-positive to gram-negative (G+/G−) phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) as well as PLFA of actinobacteria and activities of sediment phosphatases, glucosidases, and peroxidases. The number of visitors was correlated positively with the G+/G− ratio and sediment nutrients but negatively with sediment moisture and the activity of peroxidases. The results indicate a significant effect of attendance on sediment microbial communities, most likely caused by the import of nutrients into caves. Hence, reconsideration of the cave attendance policy is recommended.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaroslav Kukla & Michal Holec & Josef Trögl & Diana Holcová & Dagmar Hofmanová & Pavel Kuráň & Jan Popelka & Jan Pacina & Sylvie Kříženecká & Sergej Usťak & Roman Honzík, 2018. "Tourist Traffic Significantly Affects Microbial Communities of Sandstone Cave Sediments in the Protected Landscape Area “Labské Pískovce” (Czech Republic): Implications for Regulatory Measures," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-14, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:396-:d:130052
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Josef Trögl & Jana Pavlorková & Pavla Packová & Josef Seják & Pavel Kuráň & Jan Popelka & Jan Pacina, 2016. "Indication of Importance of Including Soil Microbial Characteristics into Biotope Valuation Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-10, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Diana Nebeská & Josef Trögl & Valentina Pidlisnyuk & Jan Popelka & Petra Veronesi Dáňová & Sergej Usťak & Roman Honzík, 2018. "Effect of Growing Miscanthus x giganteus on Soil Microbial Communities in Post-Military Soil," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-12, November.
    2. Ladislav Holík & Lukáš Hlisnikovský & Roman Honzík & Josef Trögl & Hana Burdová & Jan Popelka, 2019. "Soil Microbial Communities and Enzyme Activities after Long-Term Application of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers at Different Depths of the Soil Profile," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-14, June.

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