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Human Flourishing from a Complex Adaptive System Perspective: Exploring the Wellbeing of Social Groups as Emergent Entities

Author

Listed:
  • Tim Lomas

    (Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
    Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA)

  • Dennis Snower

    (Global Solutions Initiative, 10178 Berlin, Germany
    Said Business School, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 1HP, UK)

  • James O. Pawelski

    (Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

  • Brendan W. Case

    (Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
    Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA)

  • Matthew T. Lee

    (Institute for Studies of Religion, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA)

  • Jonathan D. Teubner

    (Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
    Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA)

  • Tyler J. VanderWeele

    (Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
    Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA)

Abstract

Can qualities of wellbeing and flourishing be meaningfully applied at the level of the social group, not merely as an aggregation of the wellbeing or flourishing of its members, but on its own terms as an emergent entity? This paper proposes that this is indeed the case, over three sections. First, we introduce the notions of wellbeing and flourishing, and note that these are usually applied to individual humans, not to groups (other than as the sum of the wellbeing/flourishing of their individual members). Second, to explore whether wellbeing/flourishing can apply at the group level, we elucidate the idea of a complex adaptive system (CAS), exploring work which argues that both individuals and groups constitute CASs, albeit different kinds. Finally, we consider some qualities by which a group itself could be deemed as flourishing.

Suggested Citation

  • Tim Lomas & Dennis Snower & James O. Pawelski & Brendan W. Case & Matthew T. Lee & Jonathan D. Teubner & Tyler J. VanderWeele, 2026. "Human Flourishing from a Complex Adaptive System Perspective: Exploring the Wellbeing of Social Groups as Emergent Entities," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-21, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:15:y:2026:i:5:p:314-:d:1941122
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