An Integrative Counselling Program for Emotionally Distressed Parents of Children with Special Education Needs

Parents of children with special educational needs (SEN) experience elevated stress, anxiety, and depression, a challenge compounded by insufficient emotional support services. This study developed and evaluated a culturally adapted online counselling programme for Hong Kong Chinese parents of adolescents with SEN, integrating Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) and Mindfulness Training. The 8-week programme aimed to reduce parental distress and improve family dynamics by emphasising strengths, fostering self-compassion, and enhancing empathetic interactions. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining standardised self-report measures such as the Parental Stress Scale (PSS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), with qualitative interviews and behavioural observations. Quantitative analysis of pre–post data via paired samples t -tests indicated significant within-group reductions in anxiety across all groups and in depression for the active control group. However, between-group comparisons of post-test scores did not show clear superiority of the experimental intervention. Qualitative findings highlighted perceived benefits, including increased emotional regulation, a shift towards a strengths-based perspective, and enhanced self-compassion, with the programme’s cultural adaptation deemed crucial for engagement. The study addresses a significant service gap and provides preliminary evidence for the acceptability and potential mechanisms of an integrative online model, while highlighting the need for further research with larger samples.