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A Fuzzy-XAI Framework for Customer Segmentation and Risk Detection: Integrating RFM, 2-Tuple Modeling, and Strategic Scoring

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  • Gabriel Marín Díaz

    (Faculty of Statistics, Complutense University, Puerta de Hierro, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Science and Aerospace Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

This article presents an interpretable framework for customer segmentation and churn risk detection, integrating fuzzy clustering, explainable AI (XAI), and strategic scoring. The process begins with Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) applied to normalized RFM indicators (Recency, Frequency, Monetary), which were then mapped to a 2-tuple linguistic scale to enhance semantic interpretability. Cluster memberships and centroids were analyzed to identify distinct behavioral patterns. An XGBoost classifier was trained to validate the coherence of the fuzzy segments, while SHAP and LIME provided global and local explanations for the classification decisions. Following segmentation, an AHP-based strategic score was computed for each customer, using weights derived from pairwise comparisons reflecting organizational priorities. These scores were also translated into the 2-tuple domain, reinforcing interpretability. The model then identified customers at risk of disengagement, defined by a combination of low Recency, high Frequency and Monetary values, and a low AHP score. Based on Recency thresholds, customers are classified as Active, Latent, or Probable Churn. A second XGBoost model was applied to predict this risk level, with SHAP used to explain its predictive behavior. Overall, the proposed framework integrated fuzzy logic, semantic representation, and explainable AI to support actionable, transparent, and human-centered customer analytics.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriel Marín Díaz, 2025. "A Fuzzy-XAI Framework for Customer Segmentation and Risk Detection: Integrating RFM, 2-Tuple Modeling, and Strategic Scoring," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-28, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:13:y:2025:i:13:p:2141-:d:1691264
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gabriel Marín Díaz & Ramón Alberto Carrasco & Daniel Gómez, 2021. "RFID: A Fuzzy Linguistic Model to Manage Customers from the Perspective of Their Interactions with the Contact Center," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(19), pages 1-27, September.
    2. Rocío G. Martínez & Ramon A. Carrasco & Cristina Sanchez-Figueroa & Diana Gavilan, 2021. "An RFM Model Customizable to Product Catalogues and Marketing Criteria Using Fuzzy Linguistic Models: Case Study of a Retail Business," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(16), pages 1-31, August.
    3. Weiya Chen & Shiying Tong & Ziyue Yuan & Xiaoping Fang, 2024. "Module Configuration of Rail Freight Transportation with Both Customer Segmentation and Product Family Genealogy in China," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-17, December.
    4. Gabriel Marín Díaz & Raquel Gómez Medina & José Alberto Aijón Jiménez, 2024. "Integrating Fuzzy C-Means Clustering and Explainable AI for Robust Galaxy Classification," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-27, September.
    5. Tien-Hsiang Chang & Kuei-Ying Hsu & Hsin-Pin Fu & Ying-Hua Teng & Yi-Jhen Li, 2022. "Integrating FSE and AHP to Identify Valuable Customer Needs by Service Quality Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-15, February.
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