IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v12y2023i6p1138-d1157704.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Outdoor Space Elements in Urban Residential Areas in Shenzhen, China: Optimization Based on Health-Promoting Behaviours of Older People

Author

Listed:
  • Ling Zhang

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China
    Center for Human-Oriented Environment and Sustainable Design, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China)

  • Kebin Shao

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China)

  • Wenfeng Tang

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China)

  • Stephen Siu Yu Lau

    (Center for Human-Oriented Environment and Sustainable Design, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China)

  • Hongzhan Lai

    (Faculty of Humanities and Arts, The Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China)

  • Yiqi Tao

    (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Architecture for Health & Well-Being (in Preparation), School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China)

Abstract

Given the ageing global population, it is important to promote “healthy ageing”. One of the most effective ways to achieve this is by prolonging the health of older people. Both the physical and mental well-being of older people are closely related to their living environment. Providing daily outdoor activities and enhancing the quality of public spaces and amenities in residential areas can encourage the adoption of healthy behaviours among older people. This study selected eight typical residential areas in Shenzhen, China, and analysed 40 outdoor public spaces. Video content obtained from fixed-point behavioural observation was entered into the Mangold INTERACT behavioural analysis system to extract the health behaviour data of older people. Regression analysis was then performed on the health behaviour data and the index data of the sample space elements. The results showed that several factors affect the outdoor health behaviours of older people. These factors include the scale of the outdoor space, the size of the hard ground area, the quality of the grey space, the green-looking rate, the accessibility of the site, the number of fitness facilities, and the richness of site functions. This study focused on a host of health-related behaviours such as rest, leisure, communication, and exercise. It confirmed the corresponding spatial needs of the elderly when engaging in the aforesaid activities. In this way, the quantitative research has supplemented previous studies by studying and evaluating the behaviour and activities of the elderly in specific settings. Through the analyses, a configuration model of outdoor space in residential areas was constructed with the aim of health promotion. Based on this model, a flexible and multilevel configuration list revealing seven specific types under three priorities is being proposed. The findings provide a scientific and effective strategy for optimising the quality of outdoor environments in residential areas. More specifically, the deployment of the Mangold INTERACT system to extract and quantify behavioural data enabled this study to overcome the limitations of traditional approaches to behavioural observation and recording. This provides a prelude for other quantitative research on the environment and behaviour.

Suggested Citation

  • Ling Zhang & Kebin Shao & Wenfeng Tang & Stephen Siu Yu Lau & Hongzhan Lai & Yiqi Tao, 2023. "Outdoor Space Elements in Urban Residential Areas in Shenzhen, China: Optimization Based on Health-Promoting Behaviours of Older People," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-23, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:6:p:1138-:d:1157704
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/6/1138/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/6/1138/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mu-Fei He & Shu-Lin Shi & Ming-Yi He & Yan-Peng Leng & Shao-Yi Wang, 2021. "What Affects Older Adults’ Viewing Behaviors in Neighborhood Open Space: A Study in Hong Kong," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Hallgrimsdottir, Berglind & Svensson, Helena & Ståhl, Agneta, 2015. "Long term effects of an intervention in the outdoor environment—a comparison of older people’s perception in two residential areas, in one of which accessibility improvements were introduced," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 90-97.
    3. Shiwang Yu & Na Guo & Caimiao Zheng & Yu Song & Jianli Hao, 2021. "Investigating the Association between Outdoor Environment and Outdoor Activities for Seniors Living in Old Residential Communities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-16, July.
    4. Hsueh-wen Chow & Dai-Rong Wu, 2019. "Outdoor Fitness Equipment Usage Behaviors in Natural Settings," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-18, January.
    5. Guglielmo Bonaccorsi & Federico Manzi & Marco Del Riccio & Nicoletta Setola & Eletta Naldi & Chiara Milani & Duccio Giorgetti & Claudia Dellisanti & Chiara Lorini, 2020. "Impact of the Built Environment and the Neighborhood in Promoting the Physical Activity and the Healthy Aging in Older People: An Umbrella Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-27, August.
    6. Shan Lu & Wonseok Oh & Ryozo Ooka & Lijun Wang, 2022. "Effects of Environmental Features in Small Public Urban Green Spaces on Older Adults’ Mental Restoration: Evidence from Tokyo," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-22, April.
    7. Razieh Zandieh & Javier Martinez & Johannes Flacke, 2019. "Older Adults’ Outdoor Walking and Inequalities in Neighbourhood Green Spaces Characteristics," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-18, November.
    8. Marica Cassarino & Sina Shahab & Sara Biscaya, 2021. "Envisioning Happy Places for All: A Systematic Review of the Impact of Transformations in the Urban Environment on the Wellbeing of Vulnerable Groups," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-14, July.
    9. Joshua F. Ceñido & C. Freeman & Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi, 2019. "Environmental Interventions for Physical and Mental Health: Challenges and Opportunities for Greater Los Angeles," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-14, June.
    10. Chongxian Chen & Weijing Luo & Ning Kang & Haiwei Li & Xiaohao Yang & Yu Xia, 2020. "Study on the Impact of Residential Outdoor Environments on Mood in the Elderly in Guangzhou, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, May.
    11. Louise Foley & Richard Prins & Fiona Crawford & David Humphreys & Richard Mitchell & Shannon Sahlqvist & Hilary Thomson & David Ogilvie & on behalf of the M74 study team, 2017. "Effects of living near an urban motorway on the wellbeing of local residents in deprived areas: Natural experimental study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(4), pages 1-16, April.
    12. Shiwang Yu & Yong Liu & Caiyun Cui & Bo Xia, 2019. "Influence of Outdoor Living Environment on Elders’ Quality of Life in Old Residential Communities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-17, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Diana Harding & Kevin Muhamad Lukman & Matheus Jingga & Yuta Uchiyama & Jay Mar D. Quevedo & Ryo Kohsaka, 2022. "Urban Gardening and Wellbeing in Pandemic Era: Preliminary Results from a Socio-Environmental Factors Approach," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-15, March.
    2. Kaili Chen & Tianzheng Zhang & Fangyuan Liu & Yingjie Zhang & Yan Song, 2021. "How Does Urban Green Space Impact Residents’ Mental Health: A Literature Review of Mediators," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-27, November.
    3. Rosario Padial-Ruz & Mª Esther Puga-González & Álvaro Céspedes-Jiménez & David Cabello-Manrique, 2021. "Determining Factors in the Use of Urban Parks That Influence the Practice of Physical Activity in Children: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-23, March.
    4. Jean Ryan, 2020. "Examining the Process of Modal Choice for Everyday Travel Among Older People," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-19, January.
    5. Moogoor, Adithi & Močnik, Špela & Yuen, Belinda, 2022. "Neighbourhood environmental influences on older adults’ physical activities and social participation in Singapore: A photovoice study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    6. Jiaqi Wu & Wenbo Li & Wenting Xu & Lin Yuan, 2023. "Measuring Resident Participation in the Renewal of Older Residential Communities in China under Policy Change," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-24, February.
    7. Hong Leng & Bingbing Han, 2022. "Effect of Environmental Planning on Elderly Individual Quality of Life in Severe Cold Regions: A Case Study in Northeastern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-17, March.
    8. Anciaes, Paulo & Jones, Peter, 2020. "A comprehensive approach for the appraisal of the barrier effect of roads on pedestrians," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 227-250.
    9. Jiabin Yu & Chen Yang & Shen Zhang & Diankai Zhai & Aiwen Wang & Jianshe Li, 2021. "The Effect of the Built Environment on Older Men′s and Women′s Leisure-Time Physical Activity in the Mid-Scale City of Jinhua, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-12, January.
    10. Fang Dong & Jiyao Yin & Jirubin Xiang & Zhangyu Chang & Tiantian Gu & Feihu Han, 2023. "EWM-FCE-ODM-Based Evaluation of Smart Community Construction: From the Perspective of Residents’ Sense of Gain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-21, April.
    11. Valkiria Amaya & Matthias Chardon & Helen Klein & Thibauld Moulaert & Nicolas Vuillerme, 2022. "What Do We Know about the Use of the Walk-along Method to Identify the Perceived Neighborhood Environment Correlates of Walking Activity in Healthy Older Adults: Methodological Considerations Related ," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-37, September.
    12. Yuan Zheng & Bin Cheng & Letian Dong & Tianxiang Zheng & Rong Wu, 2024. "The Moderating Effect of Social Participation on the Relationship between Urban Green Space and the Mental Health of Older Adults: A Case Study in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-21, March.
    13. Teck Hong Tan, 2022. "Perceived Environmental Attributes: Their Impact on Older Adults’ Mental Health in Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-13, March.
    14. Rongrong Zhang & Song Liu & Ming Li & Xiong He & Chunshan Zhou, 2021. "The Effect of High-Density Built Environments on Elderly Individuals’ Physical Health: A Cross-Sectional Study in Guangzhou, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-22, September.
    15. Zhe Wang & Mardelle Shepley, 2022. "The Relationship of Neighborhood Walking Behavior to Duration of Aging in Place—A Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-13, December.
    16. Anne Johanna Jacoba Grave & Louis Neven & Masi Mohammadi, 2023. "Elucidating and Expanding the Restorative Theory Framework to Comprehend Influential Factors Supporting Ageing-in-Place: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(18), pages 1-30, September.
    17. Hallgrimsdottir, Berglind & Wennberg, Hanna & Svensson, Helena & Ståhl, Agneta, 2016. "Implementation of accessibility policy in municipal transport planning – Progression and regression in Sweden between 2004 and 2014," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 196-205.
    18. Ryan, Jean & Pereira, Rafael H.M., 2021. "What are we missing when we measure accessibility? Comparing calculated and self-reported accounts among older people," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    19. Xialu Wu & Yu-Sheng Shen & Shenghui Cui, 2023. "Global Trends in Green Space and Senior Mental Health Studies: Bibliometric Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-12, January.
    20. Valkiria Amaya & Matthias Chardon & Thibauld Moulaert & Nicolas Vuillerme, 2024. "Systematic Review of the Use of the Walk-Along Interview Method to Assess Factors, Facilitators and Barriers Related to Perceived Neighborhood Environment and Walking Activity in Healthy Older Adults," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-22, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:6:p:1138-:d:1157704. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.