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Dynamics of Tree outside Forest Land Cover Development and Ecosystem Carbon Storage Change in Eastern Coastal Zone, Bangladesh

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  • Imranul Islam

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    International School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China)

  • Shenghui Cui

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China)

  • Muhammad Ziaul Hoque

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    International School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh)

  • Hasan Muhammad Abdullah

    (Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh)

  • Kaniz Fatima Tonny

    (Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China)

  • Minhaz Ahmed

    (Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh)

  • Jannatul Ferdush

    (Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA)

  • Lilai Xu

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China)

  • Shengping Ding

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China)

Abstract

Tree outside forest (TOF) has immense potential in economic and environmental development by increasing the amount of tree vegetation in and around rural settlements. It is an important source of carbon stocks and a critical option for climate change regulation, especially in land-scarce, densely populated developing countries such as Bangladesh. Spatio-temporal changes of TOF in the eastern coastal zone of Bangladesh were analyzed and mapped over 1988–2018, using Landsat land use land cover (LULC) maps and associated ecosystem carbon storage change by linking the InVEST carbon model. Landsat TM and OLI-TIRS data were classified through the Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC) algorithm using Semi-Automated Classification (SAC). In the InVEST model, aboveground, belowground, dead organic matter, and soil carbon densities of different LULC types were used. The findings revealed that the studied landscapes have differential features and changing trends in LULC where TOF, mangrove forest, built-up land, and salt-aquaculture land have increased due to the loss of agricultural land, mudflats, water bodies, and hill vegetation. Among different land biomes, TOF experienced the largest increase (1453.9 km 2 ), and it also increased carbon storage by 9.01 Tg C. However, agricultural land and hill vegetation decreased rapidly by 1285.8 km 2 and 365.7 km 2 and reduced carbon storage by 3.09 Tg C and 4.89 Tg C, respectively. The total regional carbon storage increased by 1.27 Tg C during 1988–2018. In addition to anthropogenic drivers, land erosion and accretion were observed to significantly alter LULC and regional carbon storage, necessitating effective river channel and coastal embankment management to minimize food and environmental security tradeoff in the studied landscape.

Suggested Citation

  • Imranul Islam & Shenghui Cui & Muhammad Ziaul Hoque & Hasan Muhammad Abdullah & Kaniz Fatima Tonny & Minhaz Ahmed & Jannatul Ferdush & Lilai Xu & Shengping Ding, 2022. "Dynamics of Tree outside Forest Land Cover Development and Ecosystem Carbon Storage Change in Eastern Coastal Zone, Bangladesh," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:1:p:76-:d:717775
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Muhammad Ziaul Hoque & Shenghui Cui & Imranul Islam & Lilai Xu & Jianxiong Tang, 2020. "Future Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Changes on Ecosystem Services in the Lower Meghna River Estuary, Bangladesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-18, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lihan Cui & Wenwen Tang & Sheng Zheng & Ramesh P. Singh, 2022. "Ecological Protection Alone Is Not Enough to Conserve Ecosystem Carbon Storage: Evidence from Guangdong, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Yiqun Wu & Yuan Sun & Congyue Zhou & Yonghua Li & Xuanli Wang & Huifang Yu, 2023. "Spatial–Temporal Characteristics of Carbon Emissions in Mixed-Use Villages: A Sustainable Development Study of the Yangtze River Delta, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-21, October.
    3. Yuan Li & Bin Xu & Yan Li & Yuxuan Wan, 2025. "Impact of LULC in Coastal Cities on Terrestrial Carbon Storage and Ecosystem Service Value: A Case Study of Liaoning Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-24, March.

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