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Evaluating the Performance of Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition Programs in Somalia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Andre M. N. Renzaho

    (School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571, Australia)

  • Chandrakala Jaiswal

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Annastancia Chineka

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Musdafa Omar Aden

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Abdikadir Dahir

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Hanad Abdi Karie

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Simon Karanja

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Ajwang Fatuma

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Bashir Abdi Shire

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Kh Shafiur Rahaman

    (School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571, Australia)

  • Mohamed Isse Mohamed

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Farhan Mohamed

    (Somalian Ministry of Health, Corso Somalia, Mogadishu MC 13-1302, Somalia)

  • Nejmudin Kedir Bilal

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Gabriel Ocom

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Mohamed Ag Ayoya

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

  • Biram Ndiaye

    (World Bank, 1818 H Street, Washington, DC 20433, USA)

  • Eric Alain Ategbo

    (UNICEF Somalia, API Compound, Nairobi P.O. Box 44145, Kenya)

Abstract

Background : Globally, acute malnutrition remains a significant public health challenge. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is the most lethal type of acute malnutrition. This study aimed to produce pooled estimates of the effectiveness of integrated management of acute malnutrition (IMAM) programs in addressing SAM in Somalia. Methods : Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL, ProQuest, Google Scholar, eLENA, and the UNICEF website were searched with no language or date restrictions. Random effect models were used to estimate the pooled estimates of outpatient therapeutic program (OTP) and stabilization centres (SC) performance outcomes (I 2 > 50%). Results : Of 186 identified studies, three included data from IMAM programs in Somalia but were excluded, as they had incomplete data. Included were seven datasets identified through the authors’ list, which screened 36.34 million and admitted 2.31 million (6.35%) children aged 6–59 months. The pooled estimates of IMAM performance outcomes [%, (95% confidence interval)] for OTPs and SCs were, respectively, 2.45 (2.18, 2.56) and 4.11 (95%CI: 3.33, 4.90) for relapse, 95.39 (94.87, 95.90) and 80.81 (79.25, 82.37) for recovery, 0.18 (0.15, 0.21) and 1.73 (1.51, 1.95) for death, 2.57 (2.34, 2.79) and 2.75 (2.37, 3.12) for defaulter, 1.86 (1.55, 2.17), and 0.84 (0.66, 1.02) for non-recovery. Conclusions : OTP and SC performance outcomes in Somalia exceeded the Sphere Minimum Standards and compare favourably with results from the region. The adaptation of IMAM programs to meet multiple challenges in Somalia, supported by well-designed, coordinated, standardized, integrated, and harmonized implementation plans, is a strength.

Suggested Citation

  • Andre M. N. Renzaho & Chandrakala Jaiswal & Annastancia Chineka & Musdafa Omar Aden & Abdikadir Dahir & Hanad Abdi Karie & Simon Karanja & Ajwang Fatuma & Bashir Abdi Shire & Kh Shafiur Rahaman & Moha, 2025. "Evaluating the Performance of Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition Programs in Somalia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(3), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:22:y:2025:i:3:p:378-:d:1606005
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Levitt, Emily J. & Pelletier, David L. & Pell, Alice N., 2009. "Revisiting the UNICEF malnutrition framework to foster agriculture and health sector collaboration to reduce malnutrition: A comparison of stakeholder priorities for action in Afghanistan," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 156-165, April.
    2. Hanna Demelash Desyibelew & Mulat Tirfie Bayih & Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki & Abel Fekadu Dadi, 2020. "The recovery rate from severe acute malnutrition among under-five years of children remains low in sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, March.
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