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How Do Repeated Viewings in Forest Landscapes Influence Young People’s Visual Behaviors and Cognitive Evaluations?

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  • Mengyun Wu

    (Landscape Planning Laboratory, Forestry College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China)

  • Yu Gao

    (Landscape Planning Laboratory, Forestry College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China)

  • Zhi Zhang

    (Landscape Planning Laboratory, Forestry College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China)

  • Bo Zhang

    (Shenyang Construction Engineering Project Management Center Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110032, China)

  • Huan Meng

    (Landscape Planning Laboratory, Forestry College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China)

  • Weikang Zhang

    (Landscape Planning Laboratory, Forestry College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China)

  • Tong Zhang

    (Landscape Planning Laboratory, Forestry College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China)

Abstract

Background: With the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, it has gradually become normal to periodically visit and enjoy forest landscape resources in the suburbs of cities. For designers and managers of forest landscapes, exploring change in the visual behaviors and cognitive evaluations of people who repeatedly view forest landscapes and the characteristics of this change will aid the design and sustainable utilization of forest landscape resources in the suburbs of cities. Purpose: From the perspective of users’ preferences for forest landscape space, this study explored the changes in visual behavior characteristics and psychological preference characteristics for individuals who repeatedly view forest landscapes and their drivers under different preferences. Methods: This study collected data from 52 graduate and undergraduate students. We used a difference test to compare the differences in the visual behavior coincidence degree and the changes in psychological evaluations; a descriptive statistical analysis to explore young peoples’ likes and dislikes of landscape elements; and Spearman correlation analysis to explore the correlation between the psychological evaluations and visual behaviors. Main results: 1. At the second viewing, the participants’ regression behavior tended to decrease for various spaces, and they were more inclined to view areas that they had not viewed before. In addition, at the second viewing, the degree of fixation behavior coincidence was generally low, and there were obvious differences across spaces; 2. The participants’ feature evaluations and comprehensive evaluations for landscapes did not change significantly with their increased familiarity with the spaces; 3. There was a significant positive correlation between the participants’ psychological evaluations of landscape stimuli and the degree of fixation coincidence when viewing the spaces, among which the rate of distant clarity and the degree of fixation behavior coincidence were significantly and positively correlated. Meanwhile, at the second viewing, the number of favorite elements in the lookout space, which belongs to high-preference spaces, noticeably increased.

Suggested Citation

  • Mengyun Wu & Yu Gao & Zhi Zhang & Bo Zhang & Huan Meng & Weikang Zhang & Tong Zhang, 2023. "How Do Repeated Viewings in Forest Landscapes Influence Young People’s Visual Behaviors and Cognitive Evaluations?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-25, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:6:p:4753-:d:1090803
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Helena Nordh & Caroline M. Hagerhall & Kenneth Holmqvist, 2013. "Tracking Restorative Components: Patterns in Eye Movements as a Consequence of a Restorative Rating Task," Landscape Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(1), pages 101-116, February.
    2. Shelley Burgin & Nigel Hardiman, 2012. "Extreme sports in natural areas: looming disaster or a catalyst for a paradigm shift in land use planning?," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(7), pages 921-940, October.
    3. Margaret M. Hansen & Reo Jones & Kirsten Tocchini, 2017. "Shinrin-Yoku (Forest Bathing) and Nature Therapy: A State-of-the-Art Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-48, July.
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