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Application of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Combined with Fluorescence Detector and Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction to Quantification of Selected Bisphenols in Human Amniotic Fluid Samples

Author

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  • Szymon Szubartowski

    (Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
    Doctoral School of Medical University of Lublin, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 7, 20-093 Lublin, Poland)

  • Tomasz Tuzimski

    (Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland)

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely produced chemical worldwide found in numerous everyday products. Its endocrine-disrupting properties and omnipresence have aroused concern and led to several restrictions on its use. These restrictions and growing public awareness about the toxicity of BPA have resulted in market products labeled ”BPA-free”, with BPAs often being replaced by other bisphenols. This is why constant biomonitoring of bisphenol levels in various body fluids and tissues is essential. In this study, we propose the use of simple, cost-effective high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with the fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) method for the determination of simultaneously selected bisphenols in amniotic fluid. For the sample preparation, a fast, simple, and ”green” dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) method was used, achieving mean recovery values in the range of 80.9–115.9% with relative standard deviations below 12% for all analytes. Limits of quantification (LOQs) determined in the amniotic fluid matrix ranged from 6.17 to 22.72 ng/mL and were obtained from a calibration curve constructed using least-squares linear regression analysis for all cases. The presented sample preparation procedure can be easily adopted for LC-MS analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Szymon Szubartowski & Tomasz Tuzimski, 2022. "Application of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Combined with Fluorescence Detector and Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction to Quantification of Selected Bisphenols in Human Amniotic Fluid ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:297-:d:1014051
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tomasz Tuzimski & Szymon Szubartowski, 2021. "Application of Solid Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection to Analyze Bisphenol A Bis (2,3-Dihydroxypropyl) Ether (BADGE 2H 2 O), Bisphenol F (BPF), a," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-15, September.
    2. Tomasz Tuzimski & Szymon Szubartowski, 2022. "Application of Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection to Analyze Eleven Bisphenols in Amniotic Fluid Samples Collected during Amniocentesis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-17, February.
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    1. Tomasz Tuzimski & Szymon Szubartowski, 2022. "Application of Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection to Analyze Eleven Bisphenols in Amniotic Fluid Samples Collected during Amniocentesis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-17, February.

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