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The Use of the Bioelectrical Impedance Phase Angle to Assess the Risk of Sarcopenia in People Aged 50 and above in Poland

Author

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  • Małgorzata Kołodziej

    (Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Sławomir Kozieł

    (Department of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 50-449 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Zofia Ignasiak

    (Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland)

Abstract

Purpose: The increasing aging of many populations requires a continuous evolution of assessment methods in geriatrics, especially methods for identifying sarcopenia. Early diagnosis of unfavorable changes in the condition of skeletal muscles and the implementation of therapeutic methods may reduce the risk of functional limitations in the elderly. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between the bioelectrical impedance phase angle and the occurrence of pre-sarcopenia in people aged 50 and above. Methods: 1567 people aged 50–87 were examined. Anthropometric as well as muscle strength and walking speed measurements were performed. Using bioelectrical impedance analysis, the phase angle was measured and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass was estimated. The contribution of the phase angle in explaining the probability of the occurrence of pre-sarcopenia was verified by multivariate logistic regression. Results: Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 12 people (0.8%) and pre-sarcopenia in 276 people (17.6%). Significantly lower impedance phase angle and muscle functional quality were found in people with confirmed pre-sarcopenia compared to people without sarcopenia. The relative differences for the phase angle were greater than for the indicator of muscle functional quality. Significant logit models were obtained for the probability of occurrence of pre-sarcopenia, in which the strongest predictor was the phase angle, regardless of the type and number of covariates. The cut-off point of the phase angle for identification of pre-sarcopenia was 5.42° in men and 4.76° in women. Conclusion: The strong association between the risk of pre-sarcopenia and the phase angle, which can be easily and quickly assessed by bio-impedance analysis, suggests the necessity to include this parameter in routine geriatric evaluation in order to identify the risk of sarcopenia.

Suggested Citation

  • Małgorzata Kołodziej & Sławomir Kozieł & Zofia Ignasiak, 2022. "The Use of the Bioelectrical Impedance Phase Angle to Assess the Risk of Sarcopenia in People Aged 50 and above in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:8:p:4687-:d:792828
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    1. Ruben Francisco & Catarina N. Matias & Diana A. Santos & Francesco Campa & Claudia S. Minderico & Paulo Rocha & Steven B. Heymsfield & Henry Lukaski & Luís B. Sardinha & Analiza M. Silva, 2020. "The Predictive Role of Raw Bioelectrical Impedance Parameters in Water Compartments and Fluid Distribution Assessed by Dilution Techniques in Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-14, January.
    2. Eun Young Park & Kyoung Hee Han & Tae Ha Chung & Nam Yun Kim & Ji Min Lee & Seong Jin Choi & Jong Koo Kim, 2020. "Association between Reproductive Span and Sarcopenia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-10, December.
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    1. María Fernanda Carrillo-Vega & Mario Ulises Pérez-Zepeda & Guillermo Salinas-Escudero & Carmen García-Peña & Edward Daniel Reyes-Ramírez & María Claudia Espinel-Bermúdez & Sergio Sánchez-García & Lore, 2022. "Patterns of Muscle-Related Risk Factors for Sarcopenia in Older Mexican Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-11, August.

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