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The COVID-19 Pandemic Impacted Maternal Mental Health Differently Depending on Pregnancy Status and Trimester of Gestation

Author

Listed:
  • Anick Bérard

    (Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
    Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
    Faculty of Medicine, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France)

  • Jessica Gorgui

    (Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
    Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada)

  • Vanina Tchuente

    (Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada)

  • Anaïs Lacasse

    (Health Sciences Department, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, QC J9X 5E4, Canada)

  • Yessica-Haydee Gomez

    (Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada)

  • Sylvana Côté

    (Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
    Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada)

  • Suzanne King

    (Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada)

  • Flory Muanda

    (Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
    ICES Western, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada)

  • Yves Mufike

    (Department of Family Medicine, Protestant University in Congo, Kinshasa II, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

  • Isabelle Boucoiran

    (Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
    School of Public Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada)

  • Anne Monique Nuyt

    (Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
    Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada)

  • Caroline Quach

    (Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
    Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada)

  • Ema Ferreira

    (Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
    Pharmacy Department, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada)

  • Padma Kaul

    (Department of Medicine, 4-120 Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AL T6G 2R7, Canada)

  • Brandace Winquist

    (College of Medicine, Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatcheawan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada)

  • Kieran J. O’Donnell

    (Yale Child Study Center, Department of OB/GYN and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
    Douglas Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada)

  • Sherif Eltonsy

    (College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada)

  • Dan Chateau

    (Manitoba Center for Health Policy, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada)

  • Jin-Ping Zhao

    (Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada)

  • Gillian Hanley

    (Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada)

  • Tim Oberlander

    (Department of Pediatrics, School of Population and Public Health, University of BC, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada)

  • Behrouz Kassai

    (Department of Clinical Epidemiology, UMR 5558 CNRS, Clinical Investigation Centre, Inserm-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France)

  • Sabine Mainbourg

    (Faculty of Medicine, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France)

  • Sasha Bernatsky

    (Divisions of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada)

  • Évelyne Vinet

    (Divisions of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada)

  • Annie Brodeur-Doucet

    (Dispensaire Diététique de Montréal/Montreal Diet Dispensary, Montreal, QC H3H 1J3, Canada)

  • Jackie Demers

    (Dispensaire Diététique de Montréal/Montreal Diet Dispensary, Montreal, QC H3H 1J3, Canada)

  • Philippe Richebé

    (Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, CIUSSS de l’Est de l’Ile de Montreal, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada)

  • Valerie Zaphiratos

    (Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, CIUSSS de l’Est de l’Ile de Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada)

Abstract

Introduction: We aimed to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental health, stratifying on pregnancy status, trimester of gestation, and pandemic period/wave. Methods: Pregnant persons and persons who delivered in Canada during the pandemic, >18 years, were recruited, and data were collected using a web-based strategy. The current analysis includes data on persons enrolled between 06/2020–08/2021. Maternal sociodemographic indicators, mental health measures (Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Generalized Anxiety Disorders (GAD-7), stress) were self-reported. Maternal mental health in pregnant women (stratified by trimester, and pandemic period/wave at recruitment) was compared with the mental health of women who had delivered; determinants of severe depression were identified with multivariate logistic regression models. Results: 2574 persons were pregnant and 626 had already delivered at recruitment. Participants who had delivered had significantly higher mean depressive symptom scores compared to those pregnant at recruitment (9.1 (SD, 5.7) vs. 8.4 (SD, 5.3), p = 0.009). Maternal anxiety (aOR 1.51; 95%CI 1.44–1.59) and stress (aOR 1.35; 95%CI 1.24–1.48) were the most significant predictors of severe maternal depression (EDPS ˃ 13) in pregnancy. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on maternal depression during pregnancy and in the post-partum period. Given that gestational depression/anxiety/stress has been associated with preterm birth and childhood cognitive problems, it is essential to continue following women/children, and develop strategies to reduce COVID-19′s longer-term impact.

Suggested Citation

  • Anick Bérard & Jessica Gorgui & Vanina Tchuente & Anaïs Lacasse & Yessica-Haydee Gomez & Sylvana Côté & Suzanne King & Flory Muanda & Yves Mufike & Isabelle Boucoiran & Anne Monique Nuyt & Caroline Qu, 2022. "The COVID-19 Pandemic Impacted Maternal Mental Health Differently Depending on Pregnancy Status and Trimester of Gestation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:5:p:2926-:d:762766
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    Cited by:

    1. Nicolas Pagès & Jessica Gorgui & Chongjian Wang & Xian Wang & Jin-Ping Zhao & Vanina Tchuente & Anaïs Lacasse & Sylvana Côté & Suzanne King & Flory Muanda & Yves Mufike & Isabelle Boucoiran & Anne Mon, 2022. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Maternal Mental Health during Pregnancy: A Comparison between Canada and China within the CONCEPTION Cohort," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-22, September.

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