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Literature Review: Evaluation of Drug Removal Techniques in Municipal and Hospital Wastewater

Author

Listed:
  • Henry Rodríguez-Serin

    (Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13007, Peru)

  • Auria Gamez-Jara

    (Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13007, Peru)

  • Magaly De La Cruz-Noriega

    (Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Autónoma del Perú, Lima 15842, Peru)

  • Segundo Rojas-Flores

    (Departamento de Ciencias, Universidad Privada del Norte, Trujillo 13007, Peru)

  • Magda Rodriguez-Yupanqui

    (Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13007, Peru)

  • Moises Gallozzo Cardenas

    (Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Trujillo 13011, Peru)

  • José Cruz-Monzon

    (Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Av. Juan Pablo II, Trujillo 13011, Peru)

Abstract

There are several techniques for the removal of pharmaceuticals (drugs) from wastewater; however, strengths and weaknesses have been observed in their elimination processes that limit their applicability. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the best techniques for the removal of pharmaceuticals from municipal and hospital wastewater. For this, a non-experimental, descriptive, qualitative–quantitative design was used, corresponding to a systematic review without meta-analysis. Based on established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 open-access articles were selected from the Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, and ScienceDirect databases. The results showed that high concentrations of analgesics such as naproxen (1.37 mg/L) and antibiotics such as norfloxacin (0.561 mg/L) are frequently found in wastewater and that techniques such as reverse osmosis, ozonation, and activated sludge have the best removal efficiency, achieving values of 99%. It was concluded that reverse osmosis is one of the most efficient techniques for eliminating ofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, and diclofenac from municipal wastewater, with removal rates ranging from 96 to 99.9%, while for hospital wastewater the activated sludge technique proved to be efficient, eliminating analgesics and antibiotics in the range of 41–99%.

Suggested Citation

  • Henry Rodríguez-Serin & Auria Gamez-Jara & Magaly De La Cruz-Noriega & Segundo Rojas-Flores & Magda Rodriguez-Yupanqui & Moises Gallozzo Cardenas & José Cruz-Monzon, 2022. "Literature Review: Evaluation of Drug Removal Techniques in Municipal and Hospital Wastewater," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-24, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:20:p:13105-:d:939791
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andreia Silva & Ricardo N. Coimbra & Carla Escapa & Sónia A. Figueiredo & Olga M. Freitas & Marta Otero, 2020. "Green Microalgae Scenedesmus Obliquus Utilization for the Adsorptive Removal of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) from Water Samples," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-24, May.
    2. Antonio Macías-García & Justo García-Sanz-Calcedo & Juan Pablo Carrasco-Amador & Raúl Segura-Cruz, 2019. "Adsorption of Paracetamol in Hospital Wastewater Through Activated Carbon Filters," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-11, May.
    3. Yonggang Wang & Xu Wang & Mingwei Li & Jing Dong & Changhong Sun & Guanyi Chen, 2018. "Removal of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) from Municipal Waste Water with Integrated Membrane Systems, MBR-RO/NF," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-12, February.
    4. Cristiana Morosini & Milena Marsoni & Vincenzo Torretta & Fabio Conti & Marco Ragazzi & Elena Cristina Rada & Gabriela Cioca, 2017. "Factors Affecting Spatial and Temporal Concentration Variability of Pharmaceuticals: Comparison between Two WWTPs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-15, August.
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