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Commonalities in Metabolic Reprogramming between Tobacco Use and Oral Cancer

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  • Blake R. Rushing

    (Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Durham, NC 27599, USA
    Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Spencer Tilley

    (Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Durham, NC 27599, USA
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Sabrina Molina

    (Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA)

  • Madison Schroder

    (Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA)

  • Susan Sumner

    (Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Durham, NC 27599, USA
    Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA)

Abstract

Tobacco use is a major public health concern and is linked to myriad diseases, including cancer. The link between tobacco use and oral cancer, specifically, is very strong, making tobacco use one of the primary risk factors for oral cancer. While this association is well known, the underlying biochemical changes that result from tobacco use, and how this links to metabolic phenotypes of oral cancer, is not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, a combination of literature reviews and metabolomics studies were performed to identify commonalities in metabolic perturbations between tobacco use and oral cancers. Metabolomics analysis was performed on pooled reference urine from smokers and non-smokers, healthy and malignant oral tissues, and cultured oral cells with or without treatment of the well-known tobacco carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Alterations in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrates/oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, nucleotide metabolism, steroid metabolism, and vitamin metabolism were found to be shared between tobacco use and oral cancer. These results support the conclusion that tobacco use metabolically reprograms oral cells to support malignant transformation through these pathways. These metabolic reprogramming events may be potential targets to prevent or treat oral cancers that arise from tobacco use.

Suggested Citation

  • Blake R. Rushing & Spencer Tilley & Sabrina Molina & Madison Schroder & Susan Sumner, 2022. "Commonalities in Metabolic Reprogramming between Tobacco Use and Oral Cancer," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-28, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10261-:d:891313
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    1. repec:cdl:ctcres:qt8nw5p0zt is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Schectman, G. & Byrd, J.C. & Gruchow, H.W., 1989. "The influence of smoking on vitamin C status in adults," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 79(2), pages 158-162.
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