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Risk Associations between Vehicular Traffic Noise Exposure and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Residential Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

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  • Elisa Bustaffa

    (Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
    The authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Olivia Curzio

    (Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
    The authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Gabriele Donzelli

    (Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Biocomplexity Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Francesca Gorini

    (Unit of Epidemiology of Rare Diseases and Congenital Anomalies, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Nunzia Linzalone

    (Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Biocomplexity Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Marco Redini

    (Municipality of Pisa, Via degli Uffizi 1, 56100 Pisa, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Bianchi

    (Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Minichilli

    (Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

Abstract

Environmental noise can induce detrimental health effects such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). The relationship between vehicular traffic noise pollution and CVD was investigated through a retrospective residential cohort study in the city of Pisa. Four exposure classes were defined for noise pollution, using noise propagation maps. The association between noise exposures and cause-specific mortality or hospitalization of the subjects of the cohort was calculated using the hazard ratio (HR) for night and day through a multiple time-dependent and sex-specific Cox regression adjusting for age, the socio-economic deprivation index, and traffic air pollution. Mortality excess for CVD and risk trends for a 1 decibel noise increment were observed among the most exposed women (mortality: HRnight class4 1.15 (1.03–1.28); Trend night 1.007 (1.002–1.012); HRday class4 1.14 (1.02–1.27); Trend day 1.008 (1.003–1.013)), particularly for ischaemic disease (mortality: Trend night 1.008 (0.999–1.017); Trend day 1.009 (0.999–1.018)) and cerebrovascular disease (mortality: HRnight class3 1.23 (1.02–1.48), HRday class3 1.24 (1.03–1.49)). Hospitalization analyses confirm mortality results. A decreased risk for hospitalization was also observed among the most exposed men (HRday class4 0.94 (0.88–1.01), particularly for ischaemic disease (HRnight class4 0.90 (0.80–1.02); HRday class4 0.86 (0.77–0.97)) and cerebrovascular disease (HRnight class4 0.89 (0.78–1.01)). Authors recommend the adoption of prevention measures aimed at mitigating noise and the activation of a monitoring of the risk profile in the Pisa population updating both the residential cohort and health data.

Suggested Citation

  • Elisa Bustaffa & Olivia Curzio & Gabriele Donzelli & Francesca Gorini & Nunzia Linzalone & Marco Redini & Fabrizio Bianchi & Fabrizio Minichilli, 2022. "Risk Associations between Vehicular Traffic Noise Exposure and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Residential Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10034-:d:888115
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    References listed on IDEAS

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