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A Comparison of Acute Effects of Climbing Therapy with Nordic Walking for Inpatient Adults with Mental Health Disorder: A Clinical Pilot Trial

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  • Lisa Thaller

    (Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
    Schoen Clinic Roseneck, 83209 Prien am Chiemsee, Germany)

  • Anika Frühauf

    (Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria)

  • Alexander Heimbeck

    (Schoen Clinic Roseneck, 83209 Prien am Chiemsee, Germany)

  • Ulrich Voderholzer

    (Schoen Clinic Roseneck, 83209 Prien am Chiemsee, Germany
    Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Munich (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany)

  • Martin Kopp

    (Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria)

Abstract

As climbing therapy is increasingly used for mental health disorders, the present study aimed to compare acute effects of a therapeutic climbing intervention (CT) on affective responses, anxiety, and self-efficacy with those of Nordic walking (NW) and a sedentary control condition (SC) in an inpatient setting with persons with depression, anxiety, or obsessive–compulsive disorders. A total of 21 inpatients (32 ± 12.2 years) participated in a clinical trial in all interventions using an experimental within-subject design. Anxiety and self-efficacy were assessed preintervention (t 0 ) and postintervention (t 2 ) using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and affective responses were additionally evaluated during (t 1 ) and 180 min after the intervention (t 3 ) using the Feeling Scale, Felt Arousal Scale, and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Statistical evaluation was performed with a 3 × 2 or 3 × 4 repeated measures ANOVA. Significant interaction effects were found for affective responses regarding positive affect, affective valence, and perceived activation ( p < 0.015) favoring CT over NW and SC. For anxiety, a significant interaction effect was found (F(2.40) = 6.603; p = 0.003; η 2 = 0.248), and also perceived self-efficacy increased significantly (F(2.40) = 6.046; p = 0.005; η 2 = 0.232). Single CT sessions may enhance affective responses and self-efficacy and reduce anxiety in inpatients with mental health disorders to a higher extent than NW. CT as part of an inpatient therapy program may help to improve key affective mechanisms and should be further studied in comparison with other exercise interventions with comparable intensity.

Suggested Citation

  • Lisa Thaller & Anika Frühauf & Alexander Heimbeck & Ulrich Voderholzer & Martin Kopp, 2022. "A Comparison of Acute Effects of Climbing Therapy with Nordic Walking for Inpatient Adults with Mental Health Disorder: A Clinical Pilot Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:11:p:6767-:d:829700
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Edward McAuley & Steriani Elavsky & Robert W. Motl & James F. Konopack & Liang Hu & David X. Marquez, 2005. "Physical Activity, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Esteem: Longitudinal Relationships in Older Adults," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 60(5), pages 268-275.
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