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Individual-Level Determinants of Lifestyle Behavioral Changes during COVID-19 Lockdown in the United States: Results of an Online Survey

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaotao Zhang

    (Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Abiodun Oluyomi

    (Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • LeChauncy Woodard

    (Department of Health Systems and Population Health Science, University of Houston College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77004, USA
    Humana Integrated Health System Sciences Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Syed Ahsan Raza

    (Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Maral Adel Fahmideh

    (Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Ola El-Mubasher

    (Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Jinyoung Byun

    (Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Younghun Han

    (Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Christopher I. Amos

    (Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Hoda Badr

    (Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

Abstract

This study examined individual-level determinants of self-reported changes in healthy (diet and physical activity) and addictive (alcohol use, smoking, and vaping) lifestyle behaviors during the initial COVID-19 lockdown period in the USA. A national online survey was administered between May and June 2020 that targeted a representative U.S. sample and yielded data from 1276 respondents, including 58% male and 50% racial/ethnic minorities. We used univariate and multivariable linear regression models to examine the associations of sociodemographic, mental health, and behavioral determinants with self-reported changes in lifestyle behaviors. Some study participants reported increases in healthy lifestyle behaviors since the pandemic (i.e., 36% increased healthy eating behaviors, and 33% increased physical activity). However, they also reported increases in addictive lifestyle behaviors including alcohol use (40%), tobacco use (41%), and vaping (46%). With regard to individual-level determinants, individuals who reported adhering to social distancing guidelines were also more likely to report increases in healthy lifestyle behaviors (β = 0.12, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.21). Conversely, women (β = −0.37, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.12), and unemployed individuals (β = −0.33, 95% CI −0.64 to −0.02) were less likely to report increases in healthy lifestyle behaviors. In addition, individuals reporting anxiety were more likely to report increases in addictive behaviors (β = 0.26, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.43). Taken together, these findings suggest that women and unemployed individuals may benefit from interventions targeting diet and physical activity, and that individuals reporting anxiety may benefit from interventions targeting smoking and alcohol cessation to address lifestyle changes during the pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaotao Zhang & Abiodun Oluyomi & LeChauncy Woodard & Syed Ahsan Raza & Maral Adel Fahmideh & Ola El-Mubasher & Jinyoung Byun & Younghun Han & Christopher I. Amos & Hoda Badr, 2021. "Individual-Level Determinants of Lifestyle Behavioral Changes during COVID-19 Lockdown in the United States: Results of an Online Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-15, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:8:p:4364-:d:539628
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Munir Ahmad & Nadeem Akhtar & Gul Jabeen & Muhammad Irfan & Muhammad Khalid Anser & Haitao Wu & Cem Işık, 2021. "Intention-Based Critical Factors Affecting Willingness to Adopt Novel Coronavirus Prevention in Pakistan: Implications for Future Pandemics," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-28, June.
    2. Albertas Skurvydas & Ausra Lisinskiene & Daiva Majauskiene & Dovile Valanciene & Ruta Dadeliene & Natalja Istomina & Ieva Egle Jamontaite & Asta Sarkauskiene, 2022. "The First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic Strengthened the “Strong” and Weakened the “Weak” Ones," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-13, November.
    3. Naveed Ahmed & Sohaib Arshad & Syed Nahid Basheer & Mohmed Isaqali Karobari & Anand Marya & Charu Mohan Marya & Pratibha Taneja & Pietro Messina & Chan Yean Yean & Giuseppe Alessandro Scardina, 2021. "Smoking a Dangerous Addiction: A Systematic Review on an Underrated Risk Factor for Oral Diseases," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-16, October.
    4. Nagisa Sugaya & Tetsuya Yamamoto & Naho Suzuki & Chigusa Uchiumi, 2021. "Alcohol Use and Its Related Psychosocial Effects during the Prolonged COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-13, December.
    5. Nagisa Sugaya & Tetsuya Yamamoto & Naho Suzuki & Chigusa Uchiumi, 2023. "Change in Alcohol Use during the Prolonged COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Psychosocial Factors: A One-Year Longitudinal Study in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-16, February.
    6. Coilín ÓhAiseadha & Gerry A. Quinn & Ronan Connolly & Awwad Wilson & Michael Connolly & Willie Soon & Paul Hynds, 2023. "Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) for Population Health and Health Inequalities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(7), pages 1-40, March.
    7. Xiaoyu Wang & Zaifei Ma & Chunan Wang, 2022. "A Longitudinal Study on the Addictive Behaviors of General Population before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-12, May.

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