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Inflammatory Status and Glycemic Control Level of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Author

Listed:
  • Biagio Rapone

    (Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, “Aldo Moro” University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy)

  • Elisabetta Ferrara

    (Complex Operative Unit of Odontostomatology, Hospital S.S. Annunziata, 66100 Chieti, Italy)

  • Massimo Corsalini

    (Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy)

  • Erda Qorri

    (Dean Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, Bulevardi Zogu I, 1001 Tirana, Albania)

  • Ilaria Converti

    (Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, “Aldo Moro” University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy)

  • Felice Lorusso

    (Department of Oral Science, Nano and Biotechnology and CeSi-Met University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy)

  • Maurizio Delvecchio

    (Department of Metabolic and Genetic Diseases, Giovanni XXIII Children’s Hospital, 70126 Bari, Italy)

  • Antonio Gnoni

    (Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, “Aldo Moro” University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy)

  • Salvatore Scacco

    (Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, “Aldo Moro” University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy)

  • Antonio Scarano

    (Department of Oral Science, Nano and Biotechnology and CeSi-Met University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy)

Abstract

Background: Based on the holistic approach to prevention diabetic disease, the role of periodontal inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is under intensive scrutiny. Data from clinical trials have shown benefit from a periodontal therapy in providing patients with type 2 diabetes improvement despite relatively disappointing long-terms response rates. The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term glycemic control level and systemic inflammatory status after periodontal therapy. Methods: This was a randomized trial with a 6-months follow-up. Participants aged 56.4 ± 7.9 years with diagnosed type 2 diabetes and periodontitis were enrolled. Among the 187 type 2 diabetic patients, 93 were randomly assigned to receive non-surgical periodontal treatment immediately and 94 to receive the delayed treatment. Within and between groups comparison was done during the study period, and the differences between groups were assessed. Results: The difference between HbA1c values at baseline ( Mdn = 7.7) and 6 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment ( Mdn = 7.2) was statistically significant, U = 3174.5, p = 0.012, r = 0.187. However, although technically a positive correlation, the relationship between the glycated hemoglobin value and periodontal variables was weak. The differences between both the groups over 6 months were not statistically considerable, failing to reach statistical significance. At 6 months the difference between groups about the C-reactive protein (CRP) levels was statistically significant, U =1839.5, p = 0, r = 0.472, with a lower concentration for the intervention group. Furthermore, the intervention group showed a statistically significant difference between baseline and 6 months evaluation ( U = 2606.5, p = 0, r = 0.308). Conclusions: The periodontal intervention potentially may allow individuals with type 2 diabetes to improve glycemic control and CRP concentrations, and diabetes alters the periodontal status.

Suggested Citation

  • Biagio Rapone & Elisabetta Ferrara & Massimo Corsalini & Erda Qorri & Ilaria Converti & Felice Lorusso & Maurizio Delvecchio & Antonio Gnoni & Salvatore Scacco & Antonio Scarano, 2021. "Inflammatory Status and Glycemic Control Level of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-16, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:6:p:3018-:d:517268
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nicola Montemurro & Paolo Perrini & Biagio Rapone, 2020. "Clinical Risk and Overall Survival in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycemia and Glioblastoma Multiforme. A Review of the Current Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Biagio Rapone & Elisabetta Ferrara & Luigi Santacroce & Skender Topi & Ilaria Converti & Antonio Gnoni & Antonio Scarano & Salvatore Scacco, 2020. "Gingival Crevicular Blood as a Potential Screening Tool: A Cross Sectional Comparative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-8, October.
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