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Synthesis of Nano-Magnetite from Industrial Mill Chips for the Application of Boron Removal: Characterization and Adsorption Efficacy

Author

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  • Mohammed Umar Abba

    (Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
    Department of Agricultural and Bioenvironmental Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Mubi 650221, Nigeria)

  • Hasfalina Che Man

    (Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
    Smart Farming Technology Research Centre, Level 6, Block Menara, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Raba’ah Syahidah Azis

    (Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Selangor Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
    Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory (MSCL), Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Aida Isma Idris

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Segi Universiti Malaysia, Petaling Jaya, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Muhammad Hazwan Hamzah

    (Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
    Smart Farming Technology Research Centre, Level 6, Block Menara, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Mohammed Abdulsalam

    (Department of Agricultural and Bio-Resources, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria)

Abstract

The present study synthesized nano-magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) from milled steel chips using the high energy ball milling (HEBM) method, characterized it, and then utilized it as a sorbent to remediate boron concentration at various pH (4–9), dosages (0.1–0.5 g), contact times (20–240 min), and initial concentrations (10–100 mg/L). The nano-sorbents were characterized based on SEM structure, elemental composition (EDX), surface area analysis (BET), crystallinity (XRD), and functional group analysis (FTIR). The highest adsorption capacity of 8.44 mg/g with removal efficiency of 84% was attained at pH 8, 0.5 g dosage, contact time of 180 min, and 50 mg/L initial concentration. The experimental data fit best with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with R 2 of 0.998, while the Freundlich adsorption isotherm describes the adsorption process with an R 2 value of 0.9464. A regeneration efficiency of 47% was attained even after five cycles of reusability studies. This efficiency implies that the nano-magnetite has the potential for sustainable industrial application.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammed Umar Abba & Hasfalina Che Man & Raba’ah Syahidah Azis & Aida Isma Idris & Muhammad Hazwan Hamzah & Mohammed Abdulsalam, 2021. "Synthesis of Nano-Magnetite from Industrial Mill Chips for the Application of Boron Removal: Characterization and Adsorption Efficacy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-18, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:1400-:d:492353
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Danious P. Sounthararajah & Paripurnanda Loganathan & Jaya Kandasamy & Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran, 2015. "Effects of Humic Acid and Suspended Solids on the Removal of Heavy Metals from Water by Adsorption onto Granular Activated Carbon," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Mohammed Abdulsalam & Hasfalina Che Man & Aida Isma Idris & Zurina Zainal Abidin & Khairul Faezah Yunos, 2018. "The Pertinence of Microwave Irradiated Coconut Shell Bio-Sorbent for Wastewater Decolourization: Structural Morphology and Adsorption Optimization Using the Response Surface Method (RSM)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-19, October.
    3. Xiaoming Huang & Tianhu Chen & Xuehua Zou & Mulan Zhu & Dong Chen & Min Pan, 2017. "The Adsorption of Cd(II) on Manganese Oxide Investigated by Batch and Modeling Techniques," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-11, September.
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    Cited by:

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