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Understanding Vocational Students’ Motivation for Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors

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  • Annabelle Kuipers

    (Research Group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, Johanna Westerdijkplein 75, 2521 EN The Hague, The Netherlands
    Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Gitte C. Kloek

    (Research Group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, Johanna Westerdijkplein 75, 2521 EN The Hague, The Netherlands)

  • Sanne I. de Vries

    (Research Group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, Johanna Westerdijkplein 75, 2521 EN The Hague, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Unhealthy eating behaviors and low levels of physical activity are major problems in adolescents and young adults in vocational education. To develop effective intervention programs, more research is needed to understand how different types of motivation contribute to health behaviors. In the present study, Self-Determination Theory is used to examine how motivation contributes to dietary and physical activity behaviors in vocational students. This cross-sectional study included 809 students (mean age 17.8 ± 1.9 years) attending vocational education in the Netherlands. Linear multilevel regression analyses were used to investigate the association between types of motivation and dietary and physical activity behaviors. Amotivation was negatively associated with breakfast frequency and positively associated with diet soda consumption and high-calorie between-meal snacks. A positive association was found between autonomous motivation and water intake, breakfast frequency, fruit intake, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Autonomous motivation was negatively associated with the consumption of unhealthy products. Controlled motivation was not associated with physical activity or dietary behaviors. Different types of motivation seem to explain either healthy or unhealthy dietary behaviors in vocational students. Autonomous motivation, in particular, was shown to be associated with healthy behaviors and could therefore be a valuable intervention target.

Suggested Citation

  • Annabelle Kuipers & Gitte C. Kloek & Sanne I. de Vries, 2021. "Understanding Vocational Students’ Motivation for Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:1381-:d:492204
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vanesa Bellou & Lazaros Belbasis & Ioanna Tzoulaki & Evangelos Evangelou, 2018. "Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An exposure-wide umbrella review of meta-analyses," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(3), pages 1-27, March.
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    1. Rafael Marfil-Carmona & Manuel Ortega-Caballero & Félix Zurita-Ortega & José Luis Ubago-Jiménez & Gabriel González-Valero & Pilar Puertas-Molero, 2021. "Impact of the Mass Media on Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Psychological Well-Being and Physical Activity. Structural Equation Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Liane Günther & Sarah Schleberger & Claudia R. Pischke, 2022. "Feasibility of a Social Network-Based Physical Activity Intervention Targeting Vocational School Students: A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-12, August.
    3. Eduardo Melguizo-Ibáñez & Félix Zurita-Ortega & José Luis Ubago-Jiménez & Pilar Puertas-Molero & Gabriel González-Valero, 2022. "Motivational Climate, Anxiety and Physical Self-Concept in Trainee Physical Education Teachers—An Explanatory Model Regarding Physical Activity Practice Time," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, October.

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