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Social Media Use and Body Dissatisfaction in Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Thin- and Muscular-Ideal Internalisation

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  • An T. Vuong

    (College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
    School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia)

  • Hannah K. Jarman

    (School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia)

  • Jo R. Doley

    (Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia)

  • Siân A. McLean

    (School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
    Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia)

Abstract

Internalisation of appearance ideals moderates the relationship between exposure to media images and body dissatisfaction. To date, the role of thin- and muscular-ideal internalisation in the context of social media remains under explored, particularly for boys. As such, we aimed to explore how social media use (Instagram and Snapchat) was related to body dissatisfaction, and whether thin- and muscular-ideal internalisation would moderate this relationship in a sample of 1153 adolescent boys and girls (55.42% males; M age = 13.71, SD = 1.14). As hypothesised, social media use, and thin- and muscular ideal internalisation were positively correlated with body dissatisfaction in both genders. In moderation analyses, thin-ideal internalisation emerged as the only variable that had a significant effect on body dissatisfaction in both genders. Additionally, the influence of social media use on body dissatisfaction was moderated by muscular-ideal internalisation in boys, whereby for boys with high muscular-ideal internalisation, greater social media use was associated with greater body dissatisfaction. The two-way (muscular x thin-ideal internalisation) and three-way interaction (social media use x thin-ideal internalisation x muscular-ideal internalisation) effects on body dissatisfaction were non-significant. These findings emphasise the importance of considering the sociocultural environment (i.e., new media influences) as frameworks for understanding body dissatisfaction and suggest targeting of internalisation of appearance ideals in body dissatisfaction prevention programs.

Suggested Citation

  • An T. Vuong & Hannah K. Jarman & Jo R. Doley & Siân A. McLean, 2021. "Social Media Use and Body Dissatisfaction in Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Thin- and Muscular-Ideal Internalisation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:13222-:d:703140
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pilar Aparicio-Martinez & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno & María Pilar Martinez-Jimenez & María Dolores Redel-Macías & Claudia Pagliari & Manuel Vaquero-Abellan, 2019. "Social Media, Thin-Ideal, Body Dissatisfaction and Disordered Eating Attitudes: An Exploratory Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-16, October.
    2. Francisco Nataniel Macedo Uchôa & Natalia Macêdo Uchôa & Thiago Medeiros da Costa Daniele & Romário Pinheiro Lustosa & Nuno Domingos Garrido & Naira Figueiredo Deana & Ágata Cristina Marques Aranha & , 2019. "Influence of the Mass Media and Body Dissatisfaction on the Risk in Adolescents of Developing Eating Disorders," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-14, April.
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