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Weight Loss Barriers and Dietary Quality of Intermittent and Continuous Dieters in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes

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  • Kristy L. Gray

    (UniSA, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
    Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia)

  • Peter M. Clifton

    (UniSA, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
    Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia)

  • Jennifer B. Keogh

    (UniSA, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
    Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia)

Abstract

Weight-loss after gestational diabetes (GDM) lowers the risk of type-2 diabetes (T2DM). Intermittent energy restriction (IER) produces comparable weight-loss to continuous energy restriction (CER), but long-term adherence remains difficult in this population. This exploratory secondary analysis of a 12-month trial comparing IER to CER following GDM examined weight-loss and dietary quality associated with barriers to weight-loss or T2DM risk perception as assessed in a Likert scale questionnaire at baseline. The participants had a median (IQR) BMI of 32.6 (9.4) kg/m 2 and 3 (4) years postpartum ( n = 121). Forty-five percent ( n = 54) of the participants thought they were at a high risk of developing T2DM. Greater affordability of healthy food was related with greater weight-loss at 3 months ( p = 0.044, n = 85). At 12 months, there was no significant relationship between weight-loss and the barriers to weight-loss ( p > 0.05). CER had superior improvement in dietary quality at 12 months (CER 11 ± 10, IER 6 ± 5.6, n = 42, p = 0.05). Under the Theoretical Domains Framework, the barriers were predominantly related to behavioral regulation ( n = 83, 69%; n = 76, 63%) and environmental context and resources ( n = 67, 56%). Interventions for diabetes prevention in this population should include behavioral regulation strategies, consider the family home environment, and ensure that the risk of T2DM is conveyed. Women choosing IER may benefit from education to improve their dietary quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Kristy L. Gray & Peter M. Clifton & Jennifer B. Keogh, 2021. "Weight Loss Barriers and Dietary Quality of Intermittent and Continuous Dieters in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-10, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:19:p:10243-:d:645980
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kristy L. Gray & Mayya Grebenshchikova & Sharleen L. O’Reilly & Lois McKellar & Peter M. Clifton & Jennifer B. Keogh, 2021. "Development and Validation of an Online Survey to Assess Perception of Diabetes Risk and Barriers and Facilitators to Weight Loss Following Gestational Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-14, January.
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