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Analysis the Link between Periodontal Diseases and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

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  • Leslie Borsa

    (Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire-Odontologie, Université Côte d’Azur, 06300 Nice, France
    Pôle Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France
    UPR7354–Laboratoire Microbiologie Orale, Immunothérapie et Santé (Micoralis), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire-Odontologie, Université Côte d’Azur, 06300 Nice, France)

  • Margaux Dubois

    (Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire-Odontologie, Université Côte d’Azur, 06300 Nice, France
    Pôle Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France)

  • Guillaume Sacco

    (Clinique Gériatrique du Cerveau et du Mouvement, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, 06003 Nice, France
    Université Côte d’Azur, CoBTeK, 06100 Nice, France
    Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFR CONFLUENCES, 49000 Angers, France)

  • Laurence Lupi

    (Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire-Odontologie, Université Côte d’Azur, 06300 Nice, France
    Pôle Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France
    UPR7354–Laboratoire Microbiologie Orale, Immunothérapie et Santé (Micoralis), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire-Odontologie, Université Côte d’Azur, 06300 Nice, France)

Abstract

The hypothesis of an infectious connection from the oro-pharyngeal sphere to the brain underlines the interest in analyzing the link between periodontal disease and Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the link between Alzheimer’s disease and periodontal disease in patients aged 65 and over. Databases (PubMed (MEDLINE), the Cochrane Library, and Embase) were analyzed for relevant references up to 21 June 2021. The authors independently selected the studies and extracted the data. The quality of included studies was checked using the National Institutes of Health’s quality assessment tools. Five studies were included. The selected studies described in their results an increase in F. nucleatum in Alzheimer’s disease patients (adjusted p = 0.02), and its incidence was linked to C. rectus and P. gingivalis (adjusted HR = 1.22 (1.04–1.43), p = 0.012) as well as A. naeslundii (crude HR = 2.0 (1.1–3.8)). The presence of periodontitis at baseline was associated with a six-fold increase in the rate of cognitive decline over a 6-month follow-up period (ADAS-Cog mean change = 2.9 ± 6.6). The current review suggests an association between periodontal disease and Alzheimer’s disease. The treatment of periodontal disease could be a way to explore Alzheimer’s disease prevention.

Suggested Citation

  • Leslie Borsa & Margaux Dubois & Guillaume Sacco & Laurence Lupi, 2021. "Analysis the Link between Periodontal Diseases and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:9312-:d:628496
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yi-Qian Sun & Rebecca C Richmond & Yue Chen & Xiao-Mei Mai, 2020. "Mixed evidence for the relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer’s disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, January.
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    1. Florence Carrouel & Denis Bourgeois & Céline Clément & Delphine Tardivo & Prescilla Martinon & Sébastien Guiral & Romain Lan & Stéphane Viennot & Claude Dussart & Laurie Fraticelli, 2022. "Oral-Hygiene-Related Mobile Apps in the French App Stores: Assessment of Functionality and Quality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-14, June.

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