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Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Severe and Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Controlled Study

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  • Gilbert Büsching

    (Barmelweid Academy, Klinik Barmelweid AG, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland
    Department of Therapeutics, Klinik Barmelweid AG, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland
    Gilbert Büsching and Zhongxing Zhang share the first authorship.)

  • Zhongxing Zhang

    (Barmelweid Academy, Klinik Barmelweid AG, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland
    Center for Sleep Medicine, Sleep Research and Epileptology, Klinik Barmelweid AG, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland
    Gilbert Büsching and Zhongxing Zhang share the first authorship.)

  • Jean-Paul Schmid

    (Department of Cardiology, Klinik Barmelweid AG, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland)

  • Thomas Sigrist

    (Department of Pulmonology, Klinik Barmelweid AG, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland)

  • Ramin Khatami

    (Barmelweid Academy, Klinik Barmelweid AG, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland
    Center for Sleep Medicine, Sleep Research and Epileptology, Klinik Barmelweid AG, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland
    Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland)

Abstract

Background: Severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients frequently need pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) after hospitalization. However, little is known about the effectiveness of PR in COVID-19 patients. Methods: We compared the performances in the six-min walk test (6MWT), chronic respiratory questionnaire (CRQ), and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) from inpatient PR between 51 COVID-19 patients and 51 other patients with common pneumonia. We used multivariate linear regression controlled for baseline values at entrance, age, sex, and cumulative illness rating scale. The odds ratios (ORs) of non-improvement/improvement in 6MWT (>30-m) and CRQ (>10-point) at discharge were compared between the two groups (Fisher’s exact test). Results: The two groups had similar improvements in 6MWT and CRQ, but the COVID-19 group achieved a 4-point higher FIM ( p -value = 0.004). The OR of non-improvement/improvement in 6MWT was 0.30 ( p -value = 0.13) between COVID-19 and controls; however, the odds of non-improvement in CRQ tended to be 3.02 times higher ( p -value = 0.075) in COVID-19 patients. Severe and critical COVID-19 patients had similar rehabilitation outcomes. Conclusions: Inpatient PR can effectively improve physical functions and life quality in COVID-19 patients, irrespective of disease severity. Whether the relatively low gains in CRQ is an indicator of chronic disease development in COVID-19 patients needs further studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Gilbert Büsching & Zhongxing Zhang & Jean-Paul Schmid & Thomas Sigrist & Ramin Khatami, 2021. "Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Severe and Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Controlled Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-10, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:8956-:d:621922
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marc Spielmanns & Anna-Maria Pekacka-Egli & Sabine Schoendorf & Wolfram Windisch & Matthias Hermann, 2021. "Effects of a Comprehensive Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Severe Post-COVID-19 Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mélina Bailly & Léna Pélissier & Emmanuel Coudeyre & Bertrand Evrard & Rea Bingula & Corinne Rochette & Laurent Mériade & Christelle Blavignac & Anne-Cécile Fournier & Yves-Jean Bignon & Fabrice Ranno, 2022. "Systematic Review of COVID-19-Related Physical Activity-Based Rehabilitations: Benefits to Be Confirmed by More Robust Methodological Approaches," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-17, July.
    2. Stefano Corna & Marica Giardini & Marco Godi & Lucia Bellotti & Ilaria Arcolin, 2022. "Effects of Aerobic Training in Patients with Subacute COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Marc Spielmanns & Corina E. Schaer & Anna-Maria Pekacka-Egli & Sabine Spielmanns & Olberk Ibish & Guzel Gafina & Antonela Stiube & Matthias Hermann, 2023. "Pulmonary Rehabilitation Outcomes of Post-Acute COVID-19 Patients during Different Waves of the Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-11, May.

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