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An Exploration of the Labor, Financial, and Economic Factors Related to Suicide in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Author

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  • Ken Inoue

    (Research and Education Faculty, Medical Sciences Cluster, Health Service Center, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan
    The Center for Peace, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 730-0053, Japan)

  • Nursultan Seksenbayev

    (Department of Psychiatry, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Nailya Chaizhunusova

    (Department of Public Health, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Timur Moldagaliyev

    (Department of Psychiatry, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Nargul Ospanova

    (Department of Psychiatry, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Sholpan Tokesheva

    (Department of Public Health, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Yersin T. Zhunussov

    (Chairman of the Board-Rector, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan)

  • Nobuo Takeichi

    (Takeichi Clinic, Hiroshima 732-0806, Japan)

  • Yoshihiro Noso

    (Department of Health Services Management, Hiroshima International University, Hiroshima 739-2695, Japan)

  • Masaharu Hoshi

    (The Center for Peace, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 730-0053, Japan)

  • Noriyuki Kawano

    (The Center for Peace, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 730-0053, Japan)

Abstract

The Republic of Kazakhstan has one of the world’s highest suicide rates. A detailed study of the risk factors for suicide in that country is therefore important. We investigated country-wide statistics related to labor, financial, and economic factors and whether any of these factors contribute to the risk of suicide in Kazakhstan. Using the 20 year period from 2000 to 2019, we examined the annual suicide rates overall (all citizens) and for males and females in Kazakhstan, annual unemployment rates, annual rates of increase in the country’s consumer price index, annual total exports, and annual total imports. We then calculated the correlations between the suicide rates and these four items. We also performed a multiple regression analysis of the relationship between the suicide rate and those four items. The results of these analyses indicated that the unemployment rate was the correlation coefficient most highly correlated with the suicide rate; unemployment was significantly related to suicide and should be targeted as a risk factor in suicide prevention interventions in Kazakhstan. With this in mind, organizations, government agencies, and professionals in relevant fields need to devise and implement suicide prevention measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Ken Inoue & Nursultan Seksenbayev & Nailya Chaizhunusova & Timur Moldagaliyev & Nargul Ospanova & Sholpan Tokesheva & Yersin T. Zhunussov & Nobuo Takeichi & Yoshihiro Noso & Masaharu Hoshi & Noriyuki , 2021. "An Exploration of the Labor, Financial, and Economic Factors Related to Suicide in the Republic of Kazakhstan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-9, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:6992-:d:585340
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Evangelos C. Alexopoulos & Katerina Kavalidou & Fani Messolora, 2019. "Suicide Mortality Patterns in Greek Work Force before and during the Economic Crisis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-9, February.
    2. Ines Testoni & Elisa Tronca & Gianmarco Biancalani & Lucia Ronconi & Giovanna Calapai, 2020. "Beyond the Wall: Death Education at Middle School as Suicide Prevention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-12, April.
    3. Alexandra Pitman & Tanisha De Souza & Adelia Khrisna Putri & Fiona Stevenson & Michael King & David Osborn & Nicola Morant, 2018. "Support Needs and Experiences of People Bereaved by Suicide: Qualitative Findings from a Cross-Sectional British Study of Bereaved Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-21, April.
    4. repec:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2016.303624_1 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Matthay, E.C. & Galin, J. & Ahern, J., 2017. "Changing patterns in rates and means of suicide in California, 2005 to 2013," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 107(3), pages 427-429.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nursultan Seksenbayev & Ken Inoue & Elaman Toleuov & Kamila Akkuzinova & Zhanna Karimova & Timur Moldagaliyev & Nargul Ospanova & Nailya Chaizhunusova & Altay Dyussupov, 2022. "Is the Association between Suicide and Unemployment Common or Different among the Post-Soviet Countries?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-12, June.
    2. Zia Ullah & Nighat Akbar Shah & Sonia Shamroz Khan & Naveed Ahmad & Miklas Scholz, 2021. "Mapping Institutional Interventions to Mitigate Suicides: A Study of Causes and Prevention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-16, October.

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