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Recovery-Stress Response of Blood-Based Biomarkers

Author

Listed:
  • Sebastian Hacker

    (Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sport Science, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany
    Both authors similarly contributed to the study.)

  • Thomas Reichel

    (Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sport Science, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany
    Both authors similarly contributed to the study.)

  • Anne Hecksteden

    (Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany)

  • Christopher Weyh

    (Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sport Science, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany)

  • Kristina Gebhardt

    (Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sport Science, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany)

  • Mark Pfeiffer

    (Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany)

  • Alexander Ferrauti

    (Department of Training & Exercise Science, Faculty of Sport Science, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany)

  • Michael Kellmann

    (Unit of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Science, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
    School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia)

  • Tim Meyer

    (Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany)

  • Karsten Krüger

    (Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sport Science, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate blood-based biomarkers and their regulation with regard to different recovery-stress states. A total of 35 male elite athletes (13 badminton, 22 soccer players) were recruited, and two venous blood samples were taken: one in a ‘recovered’ state (REC) after a minimum of one-day rest from exercise and another one in a ‘non-recovered’ state (NOR) after a habitual loading microcycle. Overall, 23 blood-based biomarkers of different physiologic domains, which address inflammation, muscle damage, and tissue repair, were analyzed by Luminex assays. Across all athletes, only creatine kinase (CK), interleukin (IL-) 6, and IL-17A showed higher concentrations at NOR compared to REC time points. In badminton players, higher levels of CK and IL-17A at NOR were found. In contrast, a higher value for S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) at REC was found in badminton players. Similar differences were found for BDNF in soccer players. Soccer players also showed increased levels of CK, and IL-6 at NOR compared to REC state. Several molecular markers were shown to be responsive to differing recovery-stress states, but their suitability as biomarkers in training must be further validated.

Suggested Citation

  • Sebastian Hacker & Thomas Reichel & Anne Hecksteden & Christopher Weyh & Kristina Gebhardt & Mark Pfeiffer & Alexander Ferrauti & Michael Kellmann & Tim Meyer & Karsten Krüger, 2021. "Recovery-Stress Response of Blood-Based Biomarkers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:5776-:d:563776
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Adam Dinoff & Nathan Herrmann & Walter Swardfager & Celina S Liu & Chelsea Sherman & Sarah Chan & Krista L Lanctôt, 2016. "The Effect of Exercise Training on Resting Concentrations of Peripheral Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF): A Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(9), pages 1-21, September.
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    1. Giulia My & Santo Marsigliante & Okba Selmi & Antonella Muscella, 2023. "Analysis of the COVID-19 Lockdown Impact on Biological Parameters and Physical Performance in Football Players," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Álvaro García-Romero-Pérez & Francisco Javier Ordonez & Fernando Reyes-Gil & Elena Sonsoles Rodríguez-López & Ángel Oliva-Pascual-Vaca, 2021. "Muscle Damage Biomarkers in Congestion Weeks in English Premier League Soccer Players: A Prospective Study for Two Consecutive Seasons," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-12, July.

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