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Incidence Rate and Risk Factors for Tuberculosis among People Living with HIV: A 2015–2017 Cohort from Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Author

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  • Dilbar Sadirova

    (Center of Phthisiology and Pulmonology of Tashkent City, Tashkent 100043, Uzbekistan)

  • Ruzanna Grigoryan

    (TB Research and Prevention Center, Yerevan 0023, Armenia)

  • Nargiza Parpieva

    (Republican Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Phthisiology and Pulmonology, Tashkent 100043, Uzbekistan)

  • Venera Barotova

    (Tashkent City AIDS Center, Tashkent 100043, Uzbekistan)

  • Aleksandr Trubnikov

    (Center of Phthisiology and Pulmonology of Tashkent City, Tashkent 100043, Uzbekistan)

  • Lola Kalandarova

    (Center of Phthisiology and Pulmonology of Tashkent City, Tashkent 100043, Uzbekistan)

  • Jamshid Gadoev

    (World Health Organization (WHO) Country Office in Uzbekistan, 16 Tarobiy Street, Tashkent 100100, Uzbekistan)

  • Davron Mukhtarov

    (Tashkent Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education, Tashkent 100043, Uzbekistan)

  • Mariana Buziashvili

    (National Center for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Tbilisi 01790101, Georgia)

  • Nestani Tukvadze

    (National Center for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Tbilisi 01790101, Georgia)

  • Arax Hovhannesyan

    (World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, UN City, Marmorvej 51, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Andrei Dadu

    (World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, UN City, Marmorvej 51, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

Abstract

People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) have a higher risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) disease, and TB remains a major cause of death in PLHIV. Uzbekistan is facing a substantial TB epidemic, which increases the risk of PLHIV developing active TB. Our retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the incidence rate and assess the risk factors for developing active TB among PLHIV. We collected secondary data extracted from medical charts of all patients, newly diagnosed at the AIDS Center in Tashkent, during the period of 2015–2017. The incidence rate of TB among PLHIV was 5.1 (95% CI: 4.5–6.0) per 1000 person/month. Adjusted regression analysis showed three major risk factors for TB, namely, being less than 15 years old (hazard ratio (HR) 5.83; 95% CI: 3.24–10.50, p value = 0.001),low CD4 count (adjusted hazard ratio(aHR) 21.0; 95% CI: 9.25–47.7, p value < 0.001), and antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption/not receiving ART (aHR 5.57; 95% CI: 3.46–8.97 and aHR 6.2; 95% CI: 3.75–10.24, p value < 0.001, respectively) were significantly associated with developing active TB among PLHIV. Our findings indicate that taking prescribed ART without interruptions and maintaining CD4cell counts higher than 320 cells/μL are essential to prevent the development of active TB among PLHIV.

Suggested Citation

  • Dilbar Sadirova & Ruzanna Grigoryan & Nargiza Parpieva & Venera Barotova & Aleksandr Trubnikov & Lola Kalandarova & Jamshid Gadoev & Davron Mukhtarov & Mariana Buziashvili & Nestani Tukvadze & Arax Ho, 2021. "Incidence Rate and Risk Factors for Tuberculosis among People Living with HIV: A 2015–2017 Cohort from Tashkent, Uzbekistan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-10, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:5746-:d:563267
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Amitabh B Suthar & Stephen D Lawn & Julia del Amo & Haileyesus Getahun & Christopher Dye & Delphine Sculier & Timothy R Sterling & Richard E Chaisson & Brian G Williams & Anthony D Harries & Reuben M , 2012. "Antiretroviral Therapy for Prevention of Tuberculosis in Adults with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(7), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Tendesayi Kufa & Tonderai Mabuto & Evans Muchiri & Salome Charalambous & Dominique Rosillon & Gavin Churchyard & Rebecca C Harris, 2014. "Incidence of HIV-Associated Tuberculosis among Individuals Taking Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(11), pages 1-11, November.
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