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Inflammatory Biomarkers, Microbiome, Depression, and Executive Dysfunction in Alcohol Users

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  • Mary Rodríguez-Rabassa

    (Center for Research Resources, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA
    Clinical Psychology Program, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA)

  • Pablo López

    (Center for Research Resources, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA)

  • Raphael Sánchez

    (Center for Research Resources, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA)

  • Cyanela Hernández

    (Clinical Psychology Program, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA)

  • Cesarly Rodríguez

    (Clinical Psychology Program, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA)

  • Ronald E. Rodríguez-Santiago

    (Center for Research Resources, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA)

  • Juan C. Orengo

    (Public Health Program, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA)

  • Vivian Green

    (Public Health Program, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA)

  • Yasuhiro Yamamura

    (Center for Research Resources, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA)

  • Vanessa Rivera-Amill

    (Center for Research Resources, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA)

Abstract

Alcohol-related disorders (ARD) are highly prevalent among Latin American-Caribbean countries. Mental disorders are common comorbidities in individuals with ARD. However, the etiology of the association between ARD and mental disorders remains unclear. We examined the association of inflammatory cytokines, microbiome, and other biomakers with measures of depression, social anxiety, and executive functions. We observed a significant increase in cytokine and chemokine expression levels in saliva and plasma in the alcohol group (AG) samples. Also, the salivary bacterial composition in the AG revealed an abundance of Prevotella . Depression symptomatology was markedly higher in the AG, but social anxiety levels were negligible. AG also exhibited executive dysfunctions, which negatively correlated with increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased salivary concentrations of Prevotella bacteria. Our study suggests that chronic alcohol use correlates with executive dysfunction, immune system dysregulation, and dysbiosis of the salivary microbiota. Additional studies are needed to understand the role of the microbiome and inflammation in alcohol use and mental comorbidities.

Suggested Citation

  • Mary Rodríguez-Rabassa & Pablo López & Raphael Sánchez & Cyanela Hernández & Cesarly Rodríguez & Ronald E. Rodríguez-Santiago & Juan C. Orengo & Vivian Green & Yasuhiro Yamamura & Vanessa Rivera-Amill, 2020. "Inflammatory Biomarkers, Microbiome, Depression, and Executive Dysfunction in Alcohol Users," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:689-:d:311541
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kazumichi Abe & Atsushi Takahashi & Masashi Fujita & Hiromichi Imaizumi & Manabu Hayashi & Ken Okai & Hiromasa Ohira, 2018. "Dysbiosis of oral microbiota and its association with salivary immunological biomarkers in autoimmune liver disease," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(7), pages 1-19, July.
    2. Mary Rodríguez-Rabassa & Pablo López & Ronald E. Rodríguez-Santiago & Antonio Cases & Marcos Felici & Raphael Sánchez & Yasuhiro Yamamura & Vanessa Rivera-Amill, 2018. "Cigarette Smoking Modulation of Saliva Microbial Composition and Cytokine Levels," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-16, November.
    3. Regina Frei & Sarah R Haile & Margot Mutsch & Sabine Rohrmann, 2015. "Relationship of Serum Vitamin D Concentrations and Allostatic Load as a Measure of Cumulative Biological Risk among the US Population: A Cross-Sectional Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(10), pages 1-17, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ying Liao & Xia-Ting Tong & Yi-Jing Jia & Qiao-Yun Liu & Yan-Xia Wu & Wen-Qiong Xue & Yong-Qiao He & Tong-Min Wang & Xiao-Hui Zheng & Mei-Qi Zheng & Wei-Hua Jia, 2022. "The Effects of Alcohol Drinking on Oral Microbiota in the Chinese Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-12, May.

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