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Lagged Association of Ambient Outdoor Air Pollutants with Asthma-Related Emergency Department Visits within the Pittsburgh Region

Author

Listed:
  • Brandy M. Byrwa-Hill

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA)

  • Arvind Venkat

    (Department of Emergency Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA)

  • Albert A. Presto

    (Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA)

  • Judith R. Rager

    (Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA)

  • Deborah Gentile

    (Allergy and Asthma Wellness Centers, Butler, PA 16066, USA
    Authors contribute equally to this work.)

  • Evelyn Talbott

    (Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    Authors contribute equally to this work.)

Abstract

Asthma affects millions of people globally and is especially concerning in populations living with poor air quality. This study examines the association of ambient outdoor air pollutants on asthma-related emergency department (ED) visits in children and adults throughout the Pittsburgh region. A time-stratified case-crossover design is used to analyze the lagged effects of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and gaseous pollutants, e.g., ozone (O 3 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO) on asthma-related ED visits ( n = 6682). Single-, double-, and multi-pollutant models are adjusted for temperature and analyzed using conditional logistic regression. In children, all models show an association between O 3 and increased ED visits at lag day 1 (OR: 1.12, 95% CI, 1.03–1.22, p < 0.05) for the double-pollutant model (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.20, p < 0.01). In adults, the single-pollutant model shows associations between CO and increased ED visits at lag day 5 (OR: 1.13, 95% CI, 1.00–1.28, p < 0.05) and average lag days 0–5 (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.00–1.49, p < 0.05), and for NO 2 at lag day 5 (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00–1.07, p < 0.05). These results show an association between air pollution and asthma morbidity in the Pittsburgh region and underscore the need for mitigation efforts to improve public health outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Brandy M. Byrwa-Hill & Arvind Venkat & Albert A. Presto & Judith R. Rager & Deborah Gentile & Evelyn Talbott, 2020. "Lagged Association of Ambient Outdoor Air Pollutants with Asthma-Related Emergency Department Visits within the Pittsburgh Region," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-10, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:22:p:8619-:d:448087
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ching-Yen Kuo & Chin-Kan Chan & Chiung-Yi Wu & Dinh-Van Phan & Chien-Lung Chan, 2019. "The Short-Term Effects of Ambient Air Pollutants on Childhood Asthma Hospitalization in Taiwan: A National Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Ching-Yen Kuo & Ren-Hao Pan & Chin-Kan Chan & Chiung-Yi Wu & Dinh-Van Phan & Chien-Lung Chan, 2018. "Application of a Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Design to Explore the Effects of Air Pollution and Season on Childhood Asthma Hospitalization in Cities of Differing Urban Patterns: Big Data Analytics ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Antonis Analitis & Francesca De’ Donato & Matteo Scortichini & Timo Lanki & Xavier Basagana & Ferran Ballester & Christopher Astrom & Anna Paldy & Mathilde Pascal & Antonio Gasparrini & Paola Micheloz, 2018. "Synergistic Effects of Ambient Temperature and Air Pollution on Health in Europe: Results from the PHASE Project," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-11, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shinji Otani & Satomi Funaki Ishizu & Toshio Masumoto & Hiroki Amano & Youichi Kurozawa, 2021. "The Effect of Minimum and Maximum Air Temperatures in the Summer on Heat Stroke in Japan: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-12, February.

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